The Pulse of the Earth

I. Space and Time.- The universe, the solar-system and the earth.- The birth of the moon.- The earth’s interior.- The age of the earth and the universe.- The history of the earth’s crust.- References.- II. Mountain-Chains.- Epochs of compression.- Mountain-building.- Subsided blocks.- References.- III. Basins and Troughs.- Continental basins and troughs.- Deep-sea basins and troughs.- Chronological relations to other phenomena.- References.- IV. Crust and Substratum.- Magmatic clans.- Tectonic and magmatic cycles.- A peridotite-Layer in the substratum.- Zonal migration of geosynclines; continents and ocean-floors.- Volcanism in basins.- Fragmentation and growth of continents.- Summary.- References.- V. Oscillations of the sea-level.- Regional transgressions and regressions.- World-wide transgressions and regressions.- References.- VI. The continental margin.- The surface of the shelf.- The influence of changing sea-level.- Subsidence of the shelf-area.- The marginal flexure of the continents.- Marine terraces.- The geophysical side of the problem.- Submarine valleys.- Summary and conclusions.- References.- VII. Island-Arcs.- The problem.- Physiographic features.- Earthquake zones.- Classification..- The Mechanism..- Geographic distribution of deep-focus earthquakes..- Deep-reaching shear-zones..- Terrestrial magnetism.- Volcanism and plutonism.- The andesite line..- Petrographic provinces..- Igneous rocks in geanticlinal belts,.- Igneous rocks in geosynclinal troughs..- Problems to be solved..- Deep-sea basins and troughs.- Isostatic anomalies.- The boundary of the Pacific Basin..- Single Arcs..- Double Arcs..- Synthesis.- General statement..- Site of the outer arc..- Time of origin and epochs of rejuvenation..- Origin of the double arc..- Deep-sea furrows..- Thevolcanic inner arc..- Basins and Troughs behind the inner arc..- Positive anomalies of Isostasy..- The inverted arc of Celebes..- Evolution.- Unsolved problems.- Summary.- References.- VIII. The Floor of the Oceans.- The major characteristics of the bottom-relief.- The Atlantic Ocean and the western part of the Inpian Ocean.- The Pacific Ocean.- The distribution of isobathic areas.- The problem.- Continental drift.- Submerged continents.- The hypothesis of permanence.- Trans-Oceanic mountain-chains.- The origin of continents and oceanic receptacles.- Summary.- References.- IX. Ice-Ages.- The periodicity of climates.- The earth’s normal climate.- The abnormal character of present conditions.- The problem.- The relation between periodicity and physico-geographical factors.- The deeper causes of periodicity.- The rapid growth and subsequent retreat of an ice-cap.- Interglacial periods.- The Geographical location of an ice-cap.- The restricted influence of cosmic factors.- Summary.- References.- X. The Rhythm of Life.- The periodic differentiation of the flora.- References.- XI. Linear Patterns.- Planetary systems.- The problem.- Origin of the lineaments.- Older Theories..- Wandering of the Poles..- Periodical rejuvenation.- Dome-shaped elevations and rift-zones..- The North Sea Basin..- General conclusions..- Summary.- References.- XII. The pulse of the Earth.- Chronological relation of periodic events.- A fundamental problem.- References.- Appendix. Descriptions of Plates 1–8, and Tables I and II.- Plate 1. Caledonian epochs of compression.- Plate 2. Variscian epochs of compression.- Plate 3. Mesozoic epochs of compression.- Plate 4. Cenozoic epochs of compression.- Plate 5. Chronological analysis of the continents.- Plate 6 and Table I. Basins of the second group.-Plate 7. Distribution of Rock Clans.- Plate 8. Geology and gravity field in the East Indies.- Table I. see under plate 6.- Table II. Synopsis of the Pulse of the Earth.