Neural Systems: Analysis and Modeling

Buch | Softcover

465 Seiten

2012
Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
978-1-4613-6581-5 (ISBN)

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In recent years there has been tremendous activity in computational neuroscience resulting from two parallel developments. On the one hand, our knowledge of real nervous systems has increased dramatically over the years; on the other, there is now enough computing power available to perform realistic simulations of actual neural circuits. This is leading to a revolution in quantitative neuroscience, which is attracting a growing number of scientists from non-biological disciplines. These scientists bring with them expertise in signal processing, information theory, and dynamical systems theory that has helped transform our ways of approaching neural systems. New developments in experimental techniques have enabled biologists to gather the data necessary to test these new theories. While we do not yet understand how the brain sees, hears or smells, we do have testable models of specific components of visual, auditory, and olfactory processing. Some of these models have been applied to help construct artificial vision and hearing systems. Similarly, our understanding of motor control has grown to the point where it has become a useful guide in the development of artificial robots. Many neuroscientists believe that we have only scratched the surface, and that a more complete understanding of biological information processing is likely to lead to technologies whose impact will propel another industrial revolution.
Neural Systems: Analysis and Modeling contains the collected papers of the 1991 Conference on Analysis and Modeling of Neural Systems (AMNS), and the papers presented at the satellite symposium on compartmental modeling, held July 23-26, 1992, in San Francisco, California. The papers included, present an update of the most recent developments in quantitative analysis and modeling techniques for the study of neural systems.

I - Analysis and Modeling Tools and Techniques.- Section 1: Analysis.- Optimal Real-Time Signal Processing in the Nervous System.- Measuring the Coding Efficiency of Sensory Neurons.- Non-linear Analysis of Models for Biological Pattern Formation:Application to Ocular Dominance Stripes.- A Hierarchical Sensory-Motor Architecture of Oscillating Cortical Area Subnetworks.- A Computationally Efficient Spike Initiator Model that Produces a Wide Variety of Neural Responses.- Linearization by Noise and/or Additional Shunting Current of a Modified FitzHugh Nagumo Spiking Model.- Section 2: Modeling.- Genesis: A Neuronal Simulation System.- CAJAL-91: A Biological Neural Network Simulator.- Nodus: A User Friendly Neuron Simulator for Macintosh Computers.- NeMoSys: An Approach to Realistic Neural Simulation.- NEURON-A Program for Simulation of Nerve Equations.- II - Sensory Systems.- Section 3: Visual System.- Models of Activity-Dependent Neural Development.- Visual Inputs and Information Processing in Sensory Cortex: An in vivo Developmental Study.- Motion Detection and Directional Selectivity in the Crayfish Visual System.- Neither DoG nor LoG Fits the Receptive Field of the Vertebrate Cone.- Cellular and Network Determinants of Visual Motion Properties in Cortical Neurons: Studies with an in vitro Preparation of Visual Cortex.- Section 4: Auditory System.- Reconstruction of Target Images in the Sonar of Bats.- Non-phase Locked Auditory Cells and ‘Envelope’ Detection.- Model of the Origin of Neuronal Selectivity for Binaural Intensity Difference in the Barn Owl.- A Resonance Model of High Frequency Binaural Phase Sensitivity in the Barn Owl’s Auditory Brainstem.- A Computational Model of the Cat Medial Geniculate Body Ventral Division.- Simulation of Neural Responses thatUnderlie Speech Discrimination.- Section 5: Other Sensory Systems.- The Jamming Avoidance Response (JAR) of the Electric Fish, Eigenmannia: Computational Rules and Their Neuronal Implementation.- ‘Small Cell’ Simulations: Physiological Features of a Phase Difference Detector.- Compartmental Modeling of Macular Primary Neuron Branch Processes.- Modeling of Chaotic Dynamics in the Olfactory System and Application to Pattern Recognition.- III - Motor Systems.- Section 6: Central Pattern Generations (CPG’s).- Computational Implications of a Serotonin-Sensitive Region of Axonal Membrane on a Dual Function Motor Neuron.- Section 7: Cortex, Cerebellum and Spinal Cord.- Nonlinear Synaptic Integration in Neostriatal Spiny Neurons.- Modeling Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Dynamics: From Classical Analysis to Neural Networks.- Movement Primitives in the Frog Spinal Cord.- Model and Simulation of a Simplified Cerebellar Neural Network for Classical Conditioning of the Rabbit Eye-blink Response.

Zusatzinfo	IX, 465 p.
Verlagsort	New York, NY
Sprache	englisch
Maße	155 x 235 mm
Themenwelt	Informatik ► Theorie / Studium ► Künstliche Intelligenz / Robotik
	Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Zoologie
	Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Angewandte Physik
	Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Thermodynamik
	Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
ISBN-10	1-4613-6581-3 / 1461365813
ISBN-13	978-1-4613-6581-5 / 9781461365815
Zustand	Neuware