Handbook of Probiotics and Prebiotics (eBook)

YUAN KUN LEE, PHD, is an Associate Professor in the Department of Microbiology at the National University of Singapore, where he researches fermentation and microbe-host interactions and probiotics. Dr. Lee has written ninety journal papers, sixty conference proceedings, twenty-eight book chapters, and three books. He is also the holder of three patents. SEPPO SALMINEN, PHD, is a Professor in the Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry at the University of Turku in Finland. He is also a Visiting Professor of Food Toxicology at RMIT University in Australia. Prior to his academic career, Dr. Salminen worked as a nutrition specialist, project manager, and toxicologist for private industry and government agencies. Dr. Salminen has written more than 240 refereed publications, several book chapters, and five books.

PART I: PROBIOTICS.

Chapter 1: Probiotic microorganisms.

1.1 Definition.

1.2 Screening, identification and characterization ofLactobacillus and Bifidobacillus strains.

1.3 Detection and enumeration of gastrointestinalmicroorganisms.

1.4 Enteric microbial community profiling in gastrointestinaltract by Terminal-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism(T-RFLP).

1.5 Effective dosage for probiotic effects.

1.6 Incorporating probiotics into foods.

1.7 Safety of probiotic microorganisms.

1.8 Legal status and regulatory issues.

Chapter 2: Selection and maintenance of probioticmicroorganisms.

2.1 Isolation of probiotic microorganisms.

2.2 Selection of probiotic mircroorganisms.

2.3 Maintenance of Probiotic Microorganisms.

Chapter 3: Genetic modification of probioticmicroorganisms.

3.1 Mutants obtained from probiotic microorganisms by randommutagenesis.

3.2 Plasmids.

3.3 Vectors for Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria.

3.4 Genetic recombination.

Chapter 4: Role of probiotics in health and diseases.

4.1 Cell line models in research.

4.2 Laboratory animal models in research.

4.3 Effects on human health and diseases.

4.4 Effects on farm animals.

Chapter 5: Mechanisms of probiotics.

5.1 Adhesion to intestinal mucus & epithelium byprobiotics.

5.2 Combined probiotics and pathogen adhesion andaggregation.

5.3 Production of antimicrobial substances.

5.4 Immune effects of probiotic bacteria.

5.5 Alteration of microecology in human intestine.

Chapter 6: Commercially available human probioticmicroorganisms.

6.1 Lactobacillus acidophilus, LA-5?.

6.2 Lactobacillus acidophilus NCDO1748.

6.3 Lactobacillus acidophilus NFCM.

6.4 Lactobacillus casei Shirota.

6.5 Lactobacillus gasseri OLL2716 (LG21).

6.6 Lactobacillus paracasei ssp paracasei, F19®.

6.7 Lactobacillus paracasei ssp paracasei, L. CASEI431®.

6.8 Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, LGG®.

6.9 Lactobacillus rhamnosus, GR-1® and Lactobacillusreuteri , RC- 14®.

6.10 Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 and.

6.11 LGG®MAX, a multispecies probiotic combination.

6.12 Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis, BB-12®.

6.13 Bifidobacterium breve strain Yakult.

6.14 Bifidobacterium longum BB536.

6.15 Bifidobacterium longum strains BL46 and BL2C - Probioticsfor adults and ageing consumers.

PART II: PREBIOTICS.

Chapter 7: Prebiotics.

7.1 The prebiotic concept.

7.2 A brief history of prebiotics.

7.3 Advantages and disadvantages of the prebiotic strategy.

7.4 Types of prebiotics.

7.5 Production of prebiotics.

7.6 Prebiotic mechanisms.

7.7 Modulating the intestinal microbiota in infants.

7.8 Modulating the intestinal microbiota in adults.

7.9 Modifying the intestinal microbiota in the elderly.

7.10 Health effects and applications of prebiotics.

7.11 Functional foods for animals.

7.12 Safety of prebiotics.

7.13 Regulation of prebiotics.

7.14 Conclusion.

"Overall this is a useful handbook. Its primary aim, i.e. to put
together the newest information and technology required to develop
a successful pro- or prebiotic product from the laboratory to the
market, is accomplished in my opinion." (Beneficial
Microbes, September 2010)

"This is a timely and highly informative production that will
serve as a valuable resource for students, newcomers and active
researchers in gut microbiology, food microbiology and
biotherapeutics.... Highly recommended." (Microbiology
Today, May 2009)