Scanning Tunneling Microscopy I

1. Introduction.- 1.1 Historical Remarks on Electron Tunneling.- 1.2 STM and Related Techniques.- 1.3 Development of the Field.- 1.4 Prospects for the Future.- 2. The Rise of Local Probe Methods.- 3. STM on Metals.- 3.1 Tunneling Tip.- 3.2 Tunneling Spectroscopies.- 3.3 Examples on Metal Surfaces.- 3.4 Conclusion.- 4. Adsorbate Covered Metal Surfaces and Reactions on Metal Surfaces.- 4.1 Imaging of Adsorbates by STM.- 4.2 Processes at the Metal-Gas Interface.- 4.3 Structure Modifications of Metal Surfaces.- 4.4 Epitaxial Growth of Metals on Metal Substrates.- 4.5 Conclusions.- 5. STM on Semiconductors.- 5.1 Experimental Technique.- 5.2 Scanning Tunneling Microscopy/Spectroscopy on Surfaces.- 5.3 Other Tunneling Techniques Applied to Semiconductors.- 6. STM on Layered Materials.- 6.1 STM Studies of Graphite.- 6.2 STM Studies of Graphite Intercalation Compounds.- 6.3 STM Studies of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides.- 6.4 STM Studies of Charge Density Waves.- 6.5 STM Studies of High-Tc Superconductors.- 6.6 Concluding Comments.- 7. Molecular Imaging by STM.- 7.1 Introduction to STM of Molecules.- 7.2 STM of Chemisorbed Molecules in Ultrahigh Vacuum.- 7.3 STM of Alkanes and Their Derivatives.- 7.4 STM of Liquid Crystals.- 7.5 STM of Polymers.- 7.6 Other Molecules.- 7.7 Conclusions.- 8. STM on Superconductors.- 8.1 Theory of TunneUng into Superconductors.- 8.2 Low Temperature STM Spectroscopy on Classical Superconductors.- 8.3 Vortices.- 8.4 Organic Superconductors.- 8.5 STM Topography on High-Tc Superconductors.- 8.6 STM Spectroscopy on High-Tc Superconductors.- 8.7 Concluding Remarks.- References.