Computer Processing of Electron Microscope Images

1. Image Processing Based on the Linear Theory of Image Formation.- 1.1 Transfer Functions.- 1.2 Transfer Functions with Partially Coherent Illumination.- 1.3 Practical Exploitation of the Linear Relationship.- References.- 2. Recovery of Specimen Information for Strongly Scattering Objects.- 2.1 Image Formation and Interpretation.- 2.2 Methods Iterating the Linear Theory Solution.- 2.3 Methods Requiring No Special Apertures.- 2.4 Methods Using Half-Plane Apertures.- 2.5 Analytic Wave Functions and Complex Zeros.- 2.6 Holography.- 2.7 Ptychography and Related Methods.- 2.8 Bright-Field/Dark-Field Subtraction.- 2.9 Other Perspectives.- 2.10 Conclusions.- References.- 3. Computer Reconstruction of Regular Biological Objects.- 3.1 The Biological Object.- 3.2 Fourier Processing of Electron Micrographs.- 3.3 Recent Applications to Image Processing of Regular Biological Structure.- 3.4. Outlook.- References.- 4. Three-Dimensional Structure Determination by Electron Microscopy (Nonperiodic Specimens).- 4.1 History and General Discussion of the Subject.- 4.2 The Fundamental Theoretical Background.- 4.3 The Problem of Reconstruction.- 4.4 Aspects for the Future.- References.- 5. The Role of Correlation Techniques in Computer Image Processing.- 5.1 Correlation Functions.- 5.2 Computation.- 5.3 Some Important Theorems.- 5.4 Determination of Relative Positions.- 5.5 Matched Filtering.- 5.6 Characterization of Instrument Conditions.- 5.7 Signal-to-Noise Ratio Measurement.- 5.8 Conclusions.- References.- 6. Holographic Methods in Electron Microscopy.- 6.1 Historical Background.- 6.2 Holographic Schemes.- 6.3 Experimental Electron Holography.- 6.4 Contrast Transfer and Holography.- 6.5 Additional Reading.- 6.6 Conclusions.- References.- 7. Analog Computer Processing of Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope Images.- 7.1 Organization.- 7.2 Characteristics of Analog Processing.- 7.3 Types of Signals Available in the STEM.- 7.4 Instrumental Characteristics.- 7.5 Applications.- 7.6 Conclusion.- References.- Appendix: Publication Details of International and European Congresses on Electron Microscopy.- Additional References with Titles.