Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology

Synthesis of Small Nuclear RNAs.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Two Classes of U snRNA Genes.- 3 RNA Polymerases Transcribing U snRNA Genes.- 4 Organization of U snRNA Genes.- 5 Cis-Acting Elements in U snRNA Genes.- 6 Interconversion of U snRNA Promoters.- 7 Regulation of snRNA Synthesis.- 8 Formation of Cap Structure in U snRNAs.- 9 Summary.- References.- The DNA-Activated Protein Kinase, DNA-PK.- 1 Nuclear Protein Kinases.- 2 Nucleic Acid Effects on Protein Kinase Activity.- 3 Detection of DNA-Stimulated Protein Phosphorylation in Cell Extracts.- 4 Purification of DNA-PK from HeLa Cells.- 5 Physical Characteristics of DNA-PK.- 6 Subcellular Localization.- 7 Phosphate Donor and Cofactor Requirements.- 8 Effects of Inhibitors.- 9 Substrate Specificity.- 10 Effects of Polynucleotides.- 11 Occurrence of DNA-PK in Other Cells.- 12 Comparison with Other Nuclear Protein Kinases.- 13 Conclusions and Future Directions.- References.- The Cytoskeleton During Early Development: Structural Transformation and Reorganization of RNA and Protein.- 1 Introduction.- 2 The Cytoskeleton in the Early Development of Chordates.- 3 The Cytoskeleton in the Early Development of Nonchordates.- 4 Conclusion.- References.- Developmental Regulations of Heat-Shock Protein Synthesis in Unstressed and Stressed Cells.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Expression of Heat-Shock Genes During Gametogenesis and Early Development in the Absence of Stress.- 3 Heat-Shock Protein Synthesis in Differentiation Processes.- 4 Deficient Heat-Shock Responses.- 5 Concluding Remarks.- References.- The Interactions of Water and Proteins in Cellular Function.- 1 Introduction.- 2 The Cluster Model of Liquid Structure.- 3 The Domain Model of Protein Structure.- References.