Plant Response to Stress

1. Methods and Experimental Strategies for Assessing Mediterranean Plant Function and Response to Stress.- Gas exchange methods for characterizing the impact of stress on leaves.- Rapid assessment of stress effects on plant leaves by chlorophyll fluorescence measurements.- Leaf absorptance and leaf angle: mechanisms for stress avoidance.- Methods for studying the mechanism of water stress effects on photosynthesis.- Coping with variability: Examples of tracer use in root function studies.- Approaches for studying the function of deep root systems.- Use of nitrogen-15 to assess terrestrial nitrogen cycling processes.- Application of computer methods in the field to assess ecosystem function and response to stress.- Studying long term community dynamics using image processing.- 2. Plant Water Relations and Response to Water Stress.- Response of two perennial grasses to water availability in different habitats related to successional change under Mediterranean climate conditions.- Changes in aboveground structure and resistances to water uptake in Quercus coccifera along a rainfall gradient.- Root to shoot communication of the effects of soil drying, flooding or increased salinity. A case for the involvement of plant growth regulators in a multiple chemical signal.- Stomatal conductance and water relations of shrubs growing at the chaparral-desert ecotone in California and Arizona.- Regulation of water use by four species of Cistus in the scrub vegetation of the Serra da Arrábida, Portugal.- Water use by Quercus Ilex L. in forests near Barcelona, Spain.- Soil drying and the resulting chemical and hydraulic effects on leaf growth.- 3. Photosynthesis and Primary Production under Mediterranean Climate Conditions.- Gas exchange characteristics of representative species fromthe scrub vegetation of central Chile.- Changes during summer drought in leaf CO2 uptake rates of macchia shrubs growing in Portugal: Limitations due to photosynthetic capacity, carboxylation efficiency, and stomatal conductance.- Seasonal and diurnal patterns in leaf gas exchange of Phillyrea angustifolia growing in Portugal.- A model of net photosynthesis for leaves of the sclerophyll Quercus coccifera.- Diurnal patterns of leaf internal CO2 partial pressure of the sclerophyll shrub Arbutus unedo growing in Portugal.- Effect of light on gas exchange parameters of sun and shade adapted leaves of Ceratonia siliqua, Coffea arabica and Malus domestica.- Photosynthesis and water relations of grapevines growing in Portugal - response to environmental factors.- Chlorophyll fluorescence as an indicator of heat induced limitation of photosynthesis in Arbutus unedo L.- Ecological implications of sun/shade-leaf differentiation in sclerophyllous canopies: Assessment by canopy modeling.- 4. Carbon Cycling and Plant Response to Limited Nutrient Supply.- Responses of plants to nutrient supply in mediterranean-type ecosystems.- Nutrient use strategy by evergreen-oak (Quercus ilex ssp. ilex) in NE Spain.- Seasonal photosynthate allocation of the Californian coast live oak Quercus agrifolia.- Biomass, nitrogen, and phosphorus accumulation over a southern California fire cycle chronosequence.- Effect of copper on water relations and growth of Triticum.- 5. Mediterranean Plant Growth, Structure, and Development.- Quantification of mediterranean plant phenology and growth.- Phenology of mediterranean plants in relation to fire season: with special reference to the Cape Province South Africa.- Comparative phenology of four mediterranean shrub species growing in Portugal.- Observations onthe phenology of two dominant plants of the Greek maquis.- Crown structure of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. in a coppiced plantation.- Vertical structure of Halimium halimifolium shrubs in Doñana National Park (SW Spain).- Structural analysis of sclerophylly in eleven evergreen phanerophytes in Greece.- The cost of growing and maintaining leaves of mediterranean plants.- Features of seed germination in Arbutus unedo L..- 6. Fire Effects on Mediterranean Plant Populations.- Postfire demography of resprouting and seedling establishment by Adenostoma fasciculatum in the California chaparral.- A model of life history strategies of chaparral shrubs in relation to fire frequency.- Natural and prescribed fire: survival strategies of plants and equilibrium in mediterranean ecosystems.- 7. The Response to Stress at the Landscape Scale.- The effect of summer drought on vegetation structure in the mediterranean climate region of Australia.- Landscape ecology, management and conservation of European and Levant Mediterranean uplands.- 8. Future Directions.- The impact of environmental stress on plant performance in mediterranean climate ecosystems: Differing levels of analysis.