Integrated Optoelectronics

The subject of the book is to provide a basic understanding of the divices used in optoelectronic integrated circuits and optical signal processing such as waveguides, couplers, switches, modulators, lase diodes, and photodetectors.

1 Semiconductor Crystals.- 1.1 Crystal Lattices.- 1.2 Diamond and Zincblende Structure.- 1.3 Energy Bands.- 1.4 Mixed Compound Semiconductors.- Problems.- 2 Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves.- 2.1 Maxwell's Equations.- 2.2 Wave Equation and Energy Flux.- 2.3 Plane Waves and Boundary Conditions.- 2.4 Reflection of Plane Waves.- 2.5 Absorption in AlGaAs and InGaAsP.- 2.6 Refractive Index in AlGaAs and InGaAsP.- Problems.- 3 Planar Waveguides.- 3.1 Wave Guiding.- 3.2 Field Distributions.- 3.3 Interface Deformations.- 3.4 Graded Index Films.- Problems.- 4 Strip Waveguides.- 4.1 Rectangular Waveguides.- 4.2 Wave Guiding by Raised Profiles.- 4.3 Theory of General Dielectric Waveguides.- 4.4 Modes.- 4.5 Transitions.- Problems.- 5 Coupling of Modes.- 5.1 Treatment of Coupled Modes.- 5.2 Theory of Mode Coupling.- 5.3 Mode Coupling in Anisotropic Media.- Problems.- 6 Directional Couplers.- 6.1 Principle of Operation.- 6.2 Electrooptic Control.- 6.3 Supermodes.- Problems.- 7 Electrons in Semiconductors.- 7.1 Fundamentals of Quantum Theory.- 7.2 The Band Structure of Semiconductors.- 7.3 Motion of Free Charge Carriers.- 7.4 Densities of States.- 7.5 Occupation Probabilities.- 7.6 Systems with Constrained Particle Motion.- Problems.- 8 Emission and Absorption.- 8.1 Transition Rates.- 8.2 Quantum Mechanics of Radiative Transitions.- 8.3 Direct Band-Band Transitions.- 8.4 Influence of Impurities.- Problems.- 9 Heterojunctions.- 9.1 Energy Band Diagram.- 9.2 Abrupt Junction in Equilibrium.- 9.3 Current Flow Across the pn-Heterojunction.- 9.4 Double Heterostructures.- Problems.- 10 Laser Diodes.- 10.1 Modes and Rate Equations.- 10.2 Steady State Behavior.- 10.3 Laser Structures.- 10.4 Emission Spectrum.- 10.5 Modulation.- 10.6 Noise in Single-Mode Laser Diodes.- 10.7 Specific LaserDiodes.- Problems.- 11 Photodetectors.- 11.1 Fundamentals.- 11.2 Photodiodes.- 11.3 Avalanche Photodiodes.- 11.4 Photodetectors with Multilayer Structure.- 11.5 Photoconductors.- Problems.- 12 Optoelectronic Modulators.- 12.1 Electrically Controlled Modulators.- 12.2 Optically Controlled Modulators.- 12.3 Field Induced Modulation in Quantum Wells.- Problems.- 13 Optoelectronic Integration.- 13.1 Laser-Transistor Integration.- 13.2 Detector-Transistor Integration.- 13.3 Other Forms of Integration.- Problems.- Appendices.- A. Physical Constants.- B. Data on Some Indirect Semiconductors.- C. Data on Some Direct Semiconductors.- References.- List of Important Symbols.