Sea Levels, Land Levels, and Tide Gauges
Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
978-1-4613-9103-6 (ISBN)
Changes in sea level caused by global warming can be disastrous to modern civilization. Therefore, it is important to use accurate and reliable methods to monitor any change. During this century, and, in particular, the last three decades, tide-gauge records have been used to show these changes related to the world's oceans. Aubrey and Emery suggest, however, that tidal gauges should not be used unquestioningly as a benchmark for measuring eustatic sea-level changes. Tectonism, subsidence, ocean current variability, and human activity can, and do, affect the accuracy of these records. Understanding the reasons for changes in land and sea levels is essential for the proper development of coastal regions. The results of this study provide guiding data for scientific, engineering, and policy solutions to coastal flooding. Determining the true causes of relative subsidence, and how to use geological and oceanological controls, will allow us to exist within our natural environment, rather than force nature to conform to our legal and temporary 'remedies.'
1. Introduction.- Objective.- Early Knowledge of Relative Sea-Level Changes.- Tide Tables.- Devices for Measurement of Water Level.- Frequency Realms of Tide-Gauge Records.- Semidiurnal and Diurnal Tidal Frequencies.- 2. Causes of Relative Sea-Level Changes.- Sea Levels Versus Land Levels.- Plate Tectonics/Sea-Floor Spreading.- Deep-Ocean Sedimentation.- Isostasy.- Glacial Surge/Melting.- Ocean Surface Topography.- Geoid.- Geological Faulting.- Sediment Compaction and Subsidence.- Sinkholes.- Climatic Effects.- Steric Ocean Response.- Long-Period Tides.- Shelf Waves and Seiches.- Tsunamis.- Surface Gravity Waves.- 3. Ancient to Modern Changes in Relative Sea Levels.- Source Materials.- Phanerozoic.- Late Archaean to Present.- Late Pleistocene.- Latest Pleistocene and Holocene.- 4. Previous Studies of Relative Sea Levels from Tide Gauges.- Data Base.- Previous Methods and Interpretations.- 5. Detailed Mapping of Tide-Gauge Records in Specific Regions.- General.- Northern Europe.- Southwestern Europe.- Mediterranean Sea.- Africa.- Antarctica.- India.- Southeastern Asia.- Australia.- New Zealand.- Eastern Asia.- Japan.- Northern Eurasia.- Western North America.- Central America.- South America.- Caribbean Sea.- Gulf of Mexico.- Eastern North America.- Islands of the Atlantic Ocean.- Islands of the Indian Ocean.- Islands of the Pacific Ocean.- Long-Term Tide-Gauge Records of the World.- 6. Significance of Tide-Gauge Records.- General.- Glacial Loading and Unloading.- Subduction and Rifting.- Volcanism.- Faults and Folds.- Deltaic Loading.- Extraction of Fluids.- “Stable” Coasts.- Statistical Summary.- 7. Future Eustatic Sea-Level Change.- Climate Change Scenarios.- Sea-Level Change Scenarios.- 8. Impact of Sea-Level/Land-Level Change on Society.- General.- Physical,Chemical, and Biological Impacts of Rising Relative Sea Level.- Socio-Economic Impacts.- 9. Summary.- Appendix I.- Appendix II.- Author Index.
| Zusatzinfo | XIV, 238 p. |
|---|---|
| Verlagsort | New York, NY |
| Sprache | englisch |
| Maße | 210 x 280 mm |
| Themenwelt | Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Geologie |
| Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Hydrologie / Ozeanografie | |
| Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Meteorologie / Klimatologie | |
| ISBN-10 | 1-4613-9103-2 / 1461391032 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-1-4613-9103-6 / 9781461391036 |
| Zustand | Neuware |
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