Introduction to Polymer Chemistry, Third Edition

Charles E. Carraher is with Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida.

Introduction to Polymers
History of Polymers
Why Polymers?
Today’s Marketplace
Environmental Assessment
Managing Sustainability
General Encyclopedias and Dictionaries

Polymer Structure (Morphology)
Stereochemistry of Polymers
Molecular Interactions
Polymer Crystals
Amorphous Bulk State
Polymer Structure–Property Relationships
Crystalline and Amorphous Combinations
Crosslinking

Molecular Weight of Polymers
Introduction
Solubility
Average Molecular Weight Values
Fractionation of Polydisperse Systems
Chromatography
Colligative Molecular Weights
Light-Scattering Photometry
Other Techniques
Viscometry

Naturally Occurring Polymers
Polysaccharides
Cellulose
Cellulose-Regenerating Processes
Esters and Ethers of Cellulose
Starch
Other Polysaccharides
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Naturally Occurring Polyisoprenes and Other Synthetic Elastomers
Lignin
Melanins
Polymer Structure
Genetic Engineering
DNA Profiling
Asphalt

Step-Reaction Polymerization (Polycondensation Reactions)
Comparison between Polymer Type and Kinetics of Polymerization
Introduction
Stepwise Kinetics
Polycondensation Mechanisms
Polyesters and Polycarbonates
Synthetic Polyamides
Polyimides
Polybenzimidazoles and Related Polymers
Polyurethanes and Polyureas
Polysulfides
Polyethers
Polysulfones
Poly(Ether Ether Ketone) and Polyketones
Phenolic and Amino Plastics
Synthetic Routes
Liquid Crystals
Microfibers

Ionic Chain-Reaction and Complex Coordination Polymerization (Addition Polymerization)
Cationic Polymerization
Anionic Polymerization
Stereoregularity and Stereogeometry
Polymerization with Complex Coordination Catalysts
Soluble Stereoregulating Catalysis
Polyethylenes
Polypropylene
Polymers from 1,4-Dienes
Polyisobutylene
Metathesis Reactions
Zwitterionic Polymerization
Isomerization Polymerization
Precipitation Polymerization

Free Radical Chain Polymerization (Addition Polymerization)
Initiators for Free Radical Chain Polymerization
Mechanism for Free Radical Chain Polymerization
Chain Transfer
Polymerization Techniques
Fluorine-Containing Polymers
Polystyrene
Poly(Vinyl Chloride)
Poly(Methyl Methacrylate)
Polyacrylonitrile
Solid-State Irradiation Polymerization
Plasma Polymerizations

Copolymerization
Kinetics of Copolymerization
The Q-e Scheme
Commercial Copolymers
Block Copolymers
Graft Copolymers
Elastomers
Blends
Polymer Mixtures: IPNS and Alloys
Dendrites
Ionomers
Fluoroelastomers
Nitrile Rubber
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Terpolymers
EPDM Rubber

Organometallic and Metalloid Polymers
Introduction
Inorganic Reaction Mechanisms
Condensation Organometallic Polymers
Coordination Polymers
Addition Polymers

Inorganic Polymers
Introduction
Portland Cement
Other Cements
Silicates
Silicon Dioxide (Amorphous)
Sol–Gel
Silicon Dioxide (Crystalline Forms): Quartz Forms
Silicon Dioxide in Electronic Chips
Asbestos
Fly Ash and Aluminosilicates
Polymeric Carbon: Diamond
Polymeric Carbon: Graphite
Internal Cyclization: Carbon Fibers and Related Materials
Carbon Nanotubes
Bitumens
Carbon Black
Polysulfur
Ceramics
High-Temperature Superconductors
Zeolites

Reactions of Polymers
Reactions with Polyolefins and Polyenes
Reactions of Aromatic and Aliphatic Pendant Groups
Degradation
Cross-Linking
Reactivities of End Groups
Supramolecules and Self-Assembly
Transfer and Retention of Oxygen
Nature’s Macromolecular Catalysts
Photosynthesis
Mechanisms of Energy Physical Absorption
Breakage of Polymeric Materials

Testing and Spectrometric Characterization of Polymers
Spectronic Characterization of Polymers
Surface Characterization
Amorphous Region Determinations
Thermal Analysis
Thermal Property Tests
Flammability
Electrical Properties: Theory
Electric Measurements
Weatherability
Optical Properties Tests
Chemical Resistance

Rheology and Physical Tests
Rheology
Typical Stress–Strain Behavior
Stress–Strain Relationships
Specific Physical Tests

Additives
Fillers
Reinforcements
Nanocomposites
Plasticizers
Antioxidants
Heat Stabilizers
Ultraviolet Stabilizers
Flame Retardants
Colorants
Curing Agents
Antistatic Agents: Antistats
Chemical Blowing Agents
Compatibilizers
Impact Modifiers
Processing Aids
Lubricants
Microorganism Inhibitors

Synthesis of Reactants and Intermediates for Polymers
Monomer Synthesis from Basic Feedstocks
Reactants for Step-Reaction Polymerization
Synthesis of Vinyl Monomers

Polymer Technology
Polymer Processing
Secondary Structures: Mesophases
Fibers
Elastomers
Films and Sheets
Polymeric Foams
Reinforced Plastics (Composites) and Laminates
Molding
Casting
Extrusion
Coatings
Adhesives
Conductive Polymeric Materials
Drug Design and Activity
Synthetic Biomedical Polymers
Dental Materials
Emerging Polymers
Green Materials

Appendices
Structures of Common Polymers
Symbols
Comments on Health and Toxicological Aspects of Polymers
ISO 9000 and 14000
Web Resources