Chlamydomonas Sourcebook: Cell Motility and Behavior (eBook)

Front Cover 1
The Chlamydomonas Sourcebook 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents of Volume 3 6
Preface 12
Acknowledgments 14
List of Contributors 16
Conventions Used 18
Abbreviations 20
List of Tables 22
List of Figures 24
Contents of Volume 1 30
Contents of Volume 2 32
CHAPTER 1 A Stroll through Time with Chlamydomonas 42
CHAPTER 2 Basal Bodies and Associated Structures 56
I. Introduction 57
II. Fibers attached to the basal bodies 60
III. Global approaches to the identification of basal body proteins 63
IV. Mutations that alter basal bodies 64
V. Mutations in basal body segregation 69
VI. DNA in the basal body 70
VII. Function of basal bodies 70
VIII. Duplication of basal bodies 75
IX. Genes with connections to human disease 77
X. Conclusion 78
References 78
CHAPTER 3 Deflagellation 84
I. Introduction 84
II. Deflagellation: key tool of flagellar research 85
III. Why do cells deflagellate? 87
IV. Signaling pathways to deflagellation 89
V. The mechanism of flagellar severing 95
VI. Deflagellation and the cell cycle 102
VII. Summary and thoughts for future directions 104
References 105
CHAPTER 4 Intraflagellar Transport 112
I. The identification of intraflagellar transport 112
II. IFT machinery 116
III. Visualization of IFT 130
IV. Functional analysis of Chlamydomonas IFT 136
V. Summary 145
References 145
CHAPTER 5 Flagellar Length Control 156
I. Introduction 156
II. Genetic evidence for a flagellar length control mechanism 158
III. LF4: an unusual MAP kinase 160
IV. LF1, LF2, LF3: partners in the Length Regulatory Complex 160
V. What other genes are involved in flagellar length control? 162
VI. Models for flagellar length control 164
VII. Questions about flagellar length control 166
VIII. Conclusion and future directions 167
References 168
CHAPTER 6 Axonemal Dyneins: Assembly, Structure, and Force Generation 172
I. Introduction 173
II. Arrangement of dyneins in the axoneme 173
III. Dynein genetics 177
IV. Composition and physical properties of purified dyneins 183
V. Other components that affect dynein assembly and/or function 224
VI. Preassembly of dyneins in the cytoplasm 227
VII. Molecular mechanism of force generation 228
VIII. Conclusions and prospects 232
Acknowledgments 232
References 232
CHAPTER 7 The Flagellar Radial Spokes 250
I. Introduction 250
II. Genetic dissection of the radial spokes 251
III. Biochemical characterization of radial spokes and spoke proteins 255
IV. Assembly of the radial spoke complex 262
V. Radial spoke function: part of the control system for regulating flagellar beating 264
VI. Future directions 269
References 270
CHAPTER 8 The Flagellar Central Pair Apparatus 276
I. Introduction 276
II. Central pair structure 277
III. Genetic dissection of central pair structure and function 280
IV. Biochemical identification of central pair proteins 283
V. Central pair regulation of flagellar motility 285
VI. Future directions 288
References 289
CHAPTER 9 The Regulation of Axonemal Bending 294
I. Introduction 294
II. Suppressor mutants and the DRC 297
III. The 96-nm axoneme repeat 303
IV. Regulation of flagellar motility by phosphorylation 308
V. Future directions 315
References 316
CHAPTER 10 Microtubule–Membrane Interactions in Chlamydomonas Flagella 324
I. Introduction 325
II. Ciliary bases and transition regions 325
III. Lateral interactions in the axoneme 330
IV. Capping structures link the microtubule ends to the membrane 335
V. Summary 342
Acknowledgment 342
References 342
CHAPTER 11 The Chlamydomonas Flagellar Membrane and Its Dynamic Properties 350
I. The flagellum as a membrane-bounded organelle 351
II. The Chlamydomonas plasma membrane 352
III. Structure of the flagellar membrane 357
IV. Composition of the flagellar membrane 365
V. Assembly and turnover of the flagellar membrane 376
VI. Dynamic properties of the flagellar membrane 381
VII. Summary 399
References 400
CHAPTER 12 Flagellar Adhesion, Flagellar-Generated Signaling, and Gamete Fusion during Mating 410
I. Introduction 411
II. Flagellar agglutination 415
III. Flagellar-generated signaling 421
IV. Gamete fusion 426
V. Evolutionary perspectives 430
References 431
CHAPTER 13 Sensory Photoreceptors and Light Control of Flagellar Activity 436
I. Behavioral light responses 437
II. The Chlamydomonas eye 442
III. Photocurrents as rapid light signaling elements 445
IV. Rhodopsins as photoreceptors for behavioral responses 451
V. Blue-light sensitive flavin-based photoreceptors 459
VI. Summary and future prospects 462
Acknowledgments 463
References 463
CHAPTER 14 Mitosis and Cytokinesis 472
I. Introduction 472
II. Mitosis 474
III. Cytokinesis 479
IV. Perspectives 481
References 482
CHAPTER 15 The Chlamydomonas Flagellum as a Model for Human Ciliary Disease 486
I. Introduction 486
II. Primary ciliary dyskinesia 488
III. Hydrocephalus 492
IV. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy 494
V. Situs inversus 496
VI. Polycystic kidney disease 498
VII. Syndromes involving primary cilia 502
VIII. Retinal degeneration and blindness 506
IX. Cancer 507
X. Conclusion 508
Acknowledgments 509
References 509
Index 520
A 520
B 521
C 521
D 524
E 527
F 527
G 529
H 529
I 530
J 531
K 531
L 532
M 532
N 534
O 535
P 535
Q 537
R 537
S 538
T 540
U 541
V 541
W 542
X 542
Y 542
Z 542