Handbook of Superconductivity (eBook)

Cover 1
Contents 4
Contributors 8
Preface 10
Chapter 1. Introduction 14
A. Introduction 14
B. Definition of a Superconductor 15
C. Form and Content of Handbook 16
D. Several Miscellaneous Tables 16
E. Glossary of Terms 24
References 40
Chapter 2. Properties of the Normal Metallic State 42
A. Introduction 42
B. Conduction Electron Transport 43
C. Frequency Dependent Electrical Conductivity 46
D. Brillouin Zones 47
E. Fermi Surface 49
F. Electromagnetic Fields 52
References 53
Chapter 3. Superconducting State 56
A. Introduction 56
B. Persistant Current and Surface Resistance 57
C. Fields inside Superconductor 58
D. Temperature Dependencies 60
E. Critical Magnetic Field Slope 64
References 65
Chapter 4. Models and Theories 66
A. Introduction 66
B. London Equations 67
C. Ginzburg–Landau Theory 68
D. Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer Theory 71
E. Mechanisms for Cooper Pairing 73
F. Critical State Models 74
G. Bean Model . 75
H. Reversed Critical States and Hysteresis 77
I. Hubbard Models and Band Structure 79
References 82
Chapter 5. Superconductor Types 84
A. Introduction 85
B. Elements and Alloys 85
C. Description of Data Tables 92
D. Classical Compounds 93
E. Perovskites 98
F. Heavy Electron Systems 100
G. Borocarbides 105
H. Fullerenes 109
I. Charge Transfer Organics 118
J. Crystal Chemistry 120
References 121
Chapter 6. Crystal Structures of Classical Superconductors 122
A. Introduction 123
B. Elements 133
C. Intermetallic Compounds 139
D. Interstitial Carbides, Nitrides, Oxides, and Hydrides 155
E. Borides, Carbides, and Borocarbides with Nonmetal Polymers 159
F. Chalcogenides 170
G. Heavy-Electron Compounds 177
H. Organic Compounds 178
I. Crystallographic Data Sets 183
J. Tabulated Data 186
References 249
Chapter 7. Cuprates 264
A. Introduction 264
B. Multislab Structure 265
C. Aligned and Body-Centered Types 270
D. Role of the Binding Slab 275
E. Particular Cuprate Superconductors 275
F. Infinite-Layer and Related Phases 278
References 278
Chapter 8. Crystal Structures of High-Tc Superconducting Cuprates 280
A. Introduction 281
B. Perovskite-Type Structures 282
C. Atom Layers and Stacking Rules 284
D. High-Tc Superconductor Family Tree 291
E. Symmetry 298
F. Ideal and Real Cation Coordinations 306
G. Chemical Families 310
H. Crystallographic Data Sets 318
I. Conclusions 426
Acknowledgement 426
References 426
Chapter 9. Characteristic Parameters 446
A. Introduction 447
B. Relationships Between Parameters 447
C. Coherence Lengths and Penetration Depths 451
D. Superconducting Gap Parameters 458
E. Critical Magnetic Fields 461
F. Critical Currents 486
G. Electron–Phonon Coupling Constants 491
Chapter 10. Thermal Properties 504
A. Introduction 505
B. Specific Heat 505
C. Thermal Conductivity 510
D. Thermoelectric and Thermomagnetic Effects 523
Chapter 11. Electrical Properties 548
A. Introduction 548
B. Hall Effect 549
C. Tunneling 550
D. Josephson Effect 554
E. Magnetic Field and Size Effects 557
F. Superconducting QUantum Interference Device (SQUID) 558
References 559
Chapter 12. Magnetic Properties 560
A. Introduction 560
B. Internal Fields and Magnetization 561
C. Critical Fields 563
D. Vortices 566
E. Vortex Anisotropies 567
F. Individual Vortex Motion 569
G. Transport Current in a Magnetic Field 572
H. Magnetic Phase Diagram 573
I. Ellipsoids in Magnetic Fields 574
J. Intermediate State of Type I Superconductor 575
K. Ac Susceptibility 579
References 580
Chapter 13. Mechanical Properties 582
A. Introduction 583
B. Elastic Properties 583
C. Strength 589
D. Hardness 614
E. Toughness 623
F. Conclusion 627
Acknowledgement 632
References 632
Chapter 14. Phase Diagrams 638
A. Introduction 639
B. General Discussion and Scope 640
C. Experimental Methods 644
D. Representative Phase Diagrams 647
E. Summary and Future Need 690
References 696
Index 700