WDM Technologies: Passive Optical Components (eBook)
536 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-054376-5 (ISBN)
The communications industry is at the onset of new expansion of WDM technology necessary to meet the new demand for bandwidth. This is the second of a four reference books that will cover this technology comprehensively with all of the major topics covered by a separate volumes - i.e. active components, passive components, systems and networks.
This book is the first which covers all key passive optical components required for current and next generation optical communication systems. World-renowned authors, who are pioneers in their research area, have written the chapters in their area of expertise. The book highlights not only the principle of operation and characteristics of the passive optical components, but also provides an in-depth account of the state-of-the-art system applications.
- Helps the reader to choose the right device for a given system application.
- Provides the reader with insight and understanding for key passive optical components frequently being / to be used in the optical communication systems, essential building blocks of today's/next generation fiber optic networks.
- Allows engineers working in different optical communication areas(i.e. from system to component), to understand the principle and mechanics of each key component they deal with for optical system design.
- Covers Planar lightwave circuit (PLC) based router, different optical switches technologies (based on MEMS, thermo-optic, and electro-optic) and different optical amplifier technologies (based on semiconductor optical amplifier, EDFA ,and raman amplifier).
- Highlights the operating principle of each component, system applications, and also future opportunities.
The communications industry is at the onset of new expansion of WDM technology necessary to meet the new demand for bandwidth. This is the second of a four reference books that will cover this technology comprehensively with all of the major topics covered by a separate volumes - i.e. active components, passive components, systems and networks. This book is the first which covers all key passive optical components required for current and next generation optical communication systems. World-renowned authors, who are pioneers in their research area, have written the chapters in their area of expertise. The book highlights not only the principle of operation and characteristics of the passive optical components, but also provides an in-depth account of the state-of-the-art system applications.- Helps the reader to choose the right device for a given system application.- Provides the reader with insight and understanding for key passive optical components frequently being / to be used in the optical communication systems, essential building blocks of today's/next generation fiber optic networks.- Allows engineers working in different optical communication areas(i.e. from system to component), to understand the principle and mechanics of each key component they deal with for optical system design.- Covers Planar lightwave circuit (PLC) based router, different optical switches technologies (based on MEMS, thermo-optic, and electro-optic) and different optical amplifier technologies (based on semiconductor optical amplifier, EDFA ,and raman amplifier). - Highlights the operating principle of each component, system applications, and also future opportunities.
Cover 1
Contents 8
Contributors 14
Foreword: The WDM Revolution 16
Acknowledgments 20
Chapter 1. Overview 22
1.1. Prospectus 22
1.2. Organization and Features of the Volume 23
1.3. Survey 24
References 29
Part 1: WDM Multiplexer/Demultiplexer Technologies 30
Chapter 2. Arrayed-Waveguide Grating (AWG) Router 32
2.1 Waveguide Fabrication 34
2.2. Principle of Operation and Fundamental Characteristics of AWG 35
2.3. Phase Error Compensation of AWG 41
2.4. Tandem AWG Configuration 42
2.5. N x N AWG Router 44
2.6. Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer 49
2.7. Optical Label Recognition Circuit for Photonic Label Switch Router 54
2.8. Summary 57
References 57
Chapter 3. Optical Multiplexer/ Demultiplexer: Discrete 60
3.1. Introductian 60
3.2. Parameters of MUX/DEMUX Devices 60
3.3. Dielectric Thin-film Interference Filter-based MUX/DEMUX 63
3.4. Fiber Bragg Grating-based MUX/DEMUX 73
3.5. Planar Lightwave Circuits-based MUX/DEMUX 80
3.6. Diffraction Grating-based MUX/DEMUX 85
3.7. Interleaver Technology 91
References 96
Chapter 4. Circulator 100
4.1. Introduction 100
4.2. Operating Principle 101
4.3. Analysis of Optical Circulators 110
4.4. Designs of Optical Circulators 113
4.5. Applications of Optical Circulators 117
References 120
Part 2: Optical Switching Technologies 122
Chapter 5. Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) for Optical-Fiber Communications 124
5.1. MEMS Fabrication Technologies 125
5.2. MEMS for Transmission Engineering 137
5.3. MEMS for Optical-layer Networking 149
5.4. Conclusion 164
References 165
Chapter 6. PLC-type Thermooptic Switches for Photonic Networks 168
6.1. Introduction 168
6.2. Planar Waveguide Circuits 170
6.3. Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Type TO Optical Switches 172
6.4. Application of 2 x 2 PLC-type TOSW 187
6.5. 1x N PLC-type TOSW 196
6.6. N X N Non-blocking Matrix Switch 202
6.7. TOSW with Low Power Consumption 226
6.8. Conclusion 228
References 229
Chapter 7. Lithium Niobate and Electrooptic Guided-wave Optical Switch 234
7.1. Introduction 234
7.2. Overview of Guided-Wave Optical Switching Technology 235
7.3. Single-stage Routing Multi-port Optical Switch 238
7.4. Optical Switching Elements for Multistage Switching Network 246
7.5. Optical Switch Arrays 267
7.6. Device Based on LiNbO3 285
7.7. Polarization-independent Structures 288
7.8. Other Materials with Electrooptic Effect 290
7.9. Nonlinear Optical Switch 293
7.10. Conclusion 294
References 295
Part 3: Optical Amplifier Technologies 306
Chapter 8. Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers (SOA) 308
8.1. Introduction 308
8.2. Semiconductor Optical Amplifier Designs 310
8.3. Integrated Amplifiers and Photonic Integrated Circuits 318
8.4. Functional Performance 323
8.5. Summary and Future Challenges 339
References 340
Chapter 9. Optical Amplifiers for Terabit Capacity Lightwave Systems 342
9.1. Introduction 342
9.2. EDFAs for High-capacity Networks 344
9.3. Advances in EDFAs for High-Capacity Networks 359
9.4. Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers for WDM systems 384
Acknowledgments 390
References 391
Chapter 10. Fiber Raman Amplifier 398
10.1. Overview 398
10.2. Principles 399
10.3. Stimulated Raman Amplification in Optical Fiber 404
10.4. Raman amplifiers for WDM Transmissions 419
10.5. Key Components and Raman Pump Unit 445
10.6. System Applications 454
10.7. Concluding Remarks 456
References 456
Part 4: Critical Technologies 468
Chapter 11. Semiconductor Monolithic Circuit 470
11.1. Introduction 470
11.2. Semiconductor Materials for Optical Integrated Devices 471
11.3. Semiconductor Waveguide Structure for Optical Integrated Devices 475
11.4. Semiconductor Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) 479
11.5. Multi-Mode Interference (MMI) Couplers 500
11.6. Monolithic Integration of Semiconductor Devices 505
11.7. Summary 517
References 518
Index 524
Color Plate Section 536
| Erscheint lt. Verlag | 4.6.2003 |
|---|---|
| Sprache | englisch |
| Themenwelt | Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Optik |
| Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik | |
| Technik ► Nachrichtentechnik | |
| ISBN-10 | 0-08-054376-6 / 0080543766 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-0-08-054376-5 / 9780080543765 |
| Haben Sie eine Frage zum Produkt? |
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