Cyclodextrin Materials Photochemistry, Photophysics and Photobiology (eBook)

Cover 1
Contents 6
Preface 8
List of contributors 10
Chapter 1. Fluorescence Methods for Studies of Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexation and Excitation Transfer in Cyclodextrin Complexes 12
1. Introduction 12
2. Fluorescence methods for studies of cyclodextrin inclusion complexation 13
3. Excitation transfer in cyclodextrin complexes 30
4. Concluding remarks 35
References 35
Chapter 2. The Effects of Cyclodextrins on Guest Fluorescence 38
1. Introduction 38
2. Overview of fluorescence spectroscopic techniques and data analysis 44
3. General effects of cyclodextrin inclusion on guest fluorescence 51
4. Steady-state fluorescence studies of the inclusion of specific polarity-sensitive guests in cyclodextrins 55
5. Concluding Remarks 67
References 68
Chapter 3. Measurement of Chiral Recognition in Cyclodextrins by Fluorescence Anisotropy 72
1. Chiral recognition 72
2. Fluorescence anisotropy 74
3. Future direction 87
References 87
Chapter 4. Photochemistry and Photophysics of Cyclodextrin Caged Drugs: Relevance to Their Stability and Efficiency 90
1. Introduction 90
2. Why cyclodextrin caged drugs 92
3. Few examples 96
4. Conclusion and outlook 112
Acknowledgments 113
References 113
Chapter 5. Excited-State Properties of Higher-Order Cyclodextrin Complexes 118
1. Introduction 118
2. Singlet excited state 119
3. Triplet state 133
4. Chiral recognition of excited states 136
5. Excited-state properties of nanotubes and ternary complexes 139
6. Conclusions 143
References 144
Chapter 6. Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes: Triplet State and Phosphorescence 148
1. Brief introduction to triplet states and phosphorescence 148
2. Quenching of triplet states and phosphorescence 150
3. Stabilization of populated triplet states and enhancement of phosphorescence 151
4. Bi-component inclusion complexes 152
5. Tri-component inclusion complexes 156
6. Tetra-component inclusion complexes and the fourth component 160
7. Efficient triplet energy transfer in cyclodextrin cavity 160
8. Conclusions 162
Acknowledgments 162
References 162
Chapter 7. Quantum Mechanics and Molecular Mechanics Studies of Host–Guest Stabilization and Reactivity in Cyclodextrin Nanocavities 166
1. Introduction 166
2. Computational methods 168
3. Applications 173
4. Future trends and perspectives 187
Acknowledgments 188
References 188
Chapter 8. Fast and Ultrafast Dynamics in Cyclodextrin Nanostructures 192
1. Introduction 192
2. Concept of femtochemistry in nanocavities 192
3. Few examples 193
4. Concluding remarks 211
Acknowledgements 211
References 212
Chapter 9. Structural Characterization of Colloidal Cyclodextrins: Molecular Recognition by Means of Photophysical Investigation 214
1. Cyclodextrin colloids 214
2. Molecular recognition exploiting optical spectroscopy (light scattering and time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy) 218
3. Probing morphology and molecular recognition of photosensitizers in CD colloids 222
References 231
Chapter 10. Functional Cyclodextrin Systems from Spectrophotometric Studies to Photophysical and Photochemical Behaviors 234
1. Introduction 234
2. Spectrophotometric studies on the molecular recognition of CDs 235
3. Photophysical and photochemical behaviors of functional CD systems 243
4. Conclusion and outlook 248
Acknowledgment 249
References 249
Chapter 11. Supramolecular Photochirogenesis with Cyclodextrin 252
1. Introduction 252
2. Unimolecular asymmetric photoreactions 253
3. Bimolecular asymmetric photoreaction 265
4. Discussion and conclusions 273
References 274
Chapter 12. Chemosensors for Detecting Molecules using Modified Cyclodextrins and Cyclodextrin–Peptide Conjugates 278
1. Introduction 278
2. Conformational change of dansyl-leucine-modified cyclodextrins 279
3. Molecule sensing properties of fluorescent cyclodextrins 283
4. Cyclodextrin dimers and trimers as chemosensors 283
5. Effect of protein environment on molecule sensing of chemosensors 285
6. Cyclodextrin–peptide conjugates as chemosensors 286
7. A new type of chemosensor based on modified cyclodextrin 290
8. Immobilized fluorescent cyclodextrins on a cellulose membrane 292
Conclusion 292
References 293
Chapter 13. Cyclodextrin-Based Rotaxanes 296
1. Introduction 296
2. The sorts of cyclodextrin-based rotaxanes 297
3. Potential applications of cyclodextrin-based rotaxanes 301
4. Conclusion and outlook 310
References 311
Chapter 14. Biochemical and Physical Stimuli-Triggered Cyclodextrin Release from Biodegradable Polyrotaxanes and those Hydrogels 314
1. Introduction 314
2. Design and chemistry of biodegradable polyrotaxanes and those hydrogels 316
3. Principle of cyclodextrin release from polyrotaxanes 318
4. Hydrolysis-triggered cyclodextrin release 318
5. pH-triggered cyclodextrin release 321
6. Reduction-triggered cyclodextrin release 322
7. Possibility of photo-triggered cyclodextrin release 325
8. Conclusion 325
Acknowledgments 326
References 326
Subject Index 328