Dislocations in Solids (eBook)

Cover 1
Copyright page 5
Preface 6
Contents 8
Contents of Volumes 1–12 10
Chapter 71. Discrete Dislocation Plasticity Modeling of Contact and Friction 14
1. Introduction 16
2. Background 18
3. Modeling frameworks 24
4. Discrete dislocation plasticity modeling of single asperity contact and friction 34
5. Concluding remarks 55
Acknowledgements 57
References 57
Chapter 72. Dislocation Fields in Piezoelectrics 60
1. Introduction 62
2. A dislocation and its electrostatic analogue as a combined line defect in a piezoelectric medium 64
3. Fundamental properties of 4D dislocations of an arbitrary shape 69
4. Electro-elastic fields of straight 4D dislocations 78
5. Some concluding remarks 89
Acknowledgements 90
References 90
Chapter 73. Statistical and Dynamical Approaches to Collective Behavior of Dislocations 94
1. General introduction 96
2. Collective effects of dislocations 99
3. Intermittent collective effects and their characterization 106
4. Recent advances in statistical description of dislocation dynamics 118
5. Dynamical approach to collective behavior of dislocations 149
6. Dynamical approach to modeling the Portevin-Le Chatelier effect 170
7. Discussion and outlook 228
Acknowledgements 230
References 230
Chapter 74. Topological Modelling of Martensitic Transformations 238
1. Introduction 240
2. Topological constraints for diffusionless processes 242
3. Transformation crystallography 256
4. Transformation displacement 263
5. A comparison of the topological and phenomenological models of martensitic transformations 267
6. Closing remarks 272
Acknowledgements 273
References 273
Chapter 75. Dislocations and Twinning in Face Centred Cubic Crystals 276
1. Introduction 278
2. Crystallography of deformation twinning 280
3. Twinning elements in the fcc lattice 282
4. Description of twinning transformation - lattice correspondence 283
5. Twinning transformation of the perfect lattice - geometry of the transformation of dislocations 288
6. Geometry of plastic deformation of single crystals - crystallographic notation 291
7. Methodology of TEM analysis 293
8. TEM observations of the dislocation substructure prior to twinning 298
9. Twinning transformations of dislocations 308
10. New elements of the twinned structure 356
11. The strength of twinned crystal 372
12. Summary 373
Acknowledgments 374
References 374
Chapter 76. Elasticity, Dislocations and their Motion in Quasicrystals 378
1. Introduction 380
2. Elastic properties of quasicrystals 381
3. Dislocations in quasicrystals 403
4. Dislocation motion in quasicrystals 411
Appendix A: Irreducible strain components 424
Appendix B: Derivation of eqs (47) and (48) by the generalized Eshelby's method 425
References 426
Chapter 77. Experimental Studies of Dislocation Core Defects 432
1. Introduction 434
2. Early work. Background theory 436
3. Recent theory. Too many possibilities? 441
4. Recent experiment. What is known 443
5. The way forward. UHV TEM, ELS and nanodiffraction 452
6. Summary 462
References 463
Chapter 78. In situ Nanoindentation in a Transmission Electron Microscope 466
1. Introduction 468
2. Experimental procedure 472
3. Results and discussion 477
4. Conclusion 504
References 507
Chapter 79. White Beam Microdiffraction and Dislocations Gradients 512
1. Introduction: The need for white-beam microdiffraction 515
2. Dislocation arrangements 520
3. Dislocation-induced redistribution of scattering intensity 527
4. White beam analysis of the orientation space 547
5. Determination of elastic strain 569
6. Example applications of white beam diffraction 573
7. Instrumentation 603
8. Concluding remarks 610
Acknowledgements 610
References 610
Chapter 80. X-Ray Imaging of Phonon Interaction with Dislocations 616
1. Introduction 618
2. Survey of dislocation interaction with phonons 619
3. Stroboscopic X-ray imaging of acoustic waves 633
4. Interaction of acoustic waves with individual dislocations in brittle ceramics 637
References 651
Author Index 654
Subject Index 672