Fine Sediment Dynamics in the Marine Environment (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Fine Sediment Dynamics in the Marine Environment 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 12
In memory of Ray B. Krone 6
Preface 10
Prediction of cohesive sediment transport modelling and bed dynamics in estuaries and coastal zones with integrated numerical simulation models 18
Chapter 1. COSINUS tasks A through D summaries 22
Interaction of suspended cohesive sediment and turbulence 24
Flocculation and settling velocity of fine sediment 42
Dynamics of Concentrated Benthic Suspension Layers 58
Measurement and modelling of the properties of cohesive sediment deposits 74
Numerical simulation of cohesive transport: intercomparison of several numerical models 92
Chapter 2. High-concentrated mud suspensions 108
Tidal asymmetry and variability of bed shear stress and sediment bed flux at a site in San Francisco Bay, USA 110
Physical modelling of entrainment by a Concentrated Benthic Suspension 126
lnterfacial instabilities at the lutocline in the Jiaojiang estuary, China 142
CBS layers in a diffusive turbulence grid oscillation experiment 156
Modelling of turbulent flow with suspended cohesive sediment 172
Scaling parameters for High-Concentrated Mud Suspensions in tidal flow 188
Chapter 3. Flocculation and settling velocity 204
Direct observation of the formation and break-up of aggregates in an annular flume using laser reflectance particle sizing 206
The turbidity maximum in a mesotidal estuary, the Tamar Estuary, UK. I. Dynamics of suspended sediment 220
The turbidity maximum in a mesotidal estuary, the Tamar Estuary, UK. II. The floc properties 236
A comparison of floc properties observed during neap and spring tidal conditions 250
Particle size distribution in an estuarine turbidity maximum region 268
On the geometry of cohesive settling flocs 282
Comparison of flocculation models for applied sediment transport modelling 294
In situ measurements of settling velocity and particle size distribution with the LISST-ST 312
Chapter 4. Processes in and on the bed: consolidation and erosion 330
On the erodibility of fine-grained sediments in an infilling freshwater system 332
Gas bubble nucleation and growth in cohesive sediments 346
Erosion properties of mud beds deposited in laboratory settling columns 360
Strength modelling of consolidating mud beds 376
Description of vertical exchange processes in numerical mud transport modelling 392
Simulation of biogenic sediment stabilisation by heterotrophic bacteria in an annular flume 410
The influence of an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) on cohesive sediment stability 426
Chapter 5. Fieldobservations on mud dynamics and instrumentation 444
The seasonal dynamics of benthic (micro) organisms and extracellular carbohydrates in an intertidal mudflat and their effect on the concentration of suspended sediment 446
Interaction of submerged vegetation, hydrodynamics and tubidity analysis of field and laboratory Studies
Sedimentation in a coastal mangrove system, Red River Delta, Vietnam 472
A preliminary study on using acoustic waves to measure high resolution marine sediment bed structure 486
An unusual turbidity maximum 500
Near bed sediment transport in the ltajaí-açu River estuary, southern Brazil 516
Field study and modelling on the characteristics of bed mud formation processes at the Rokkaku River 530
Chapter 6. Numerical modelling 544
Numerical simulation of cohesive sediment transport in the Loire estuary with a three-dimensional model including new parameterisations 546
3D application of the continuous modelling concept to mud slides in open seas 562
The influence of fresh water distribution on SPM transport in the Dutch coastal zone 580
A process-based sand-mud model 594
3-D numerical modelling of mud and radionuclide transport in the Chernobyl Cooling Pond and Dnieper- Boog Estuary 612
Episodic transport of organic-rich sediments in a microtidal estuarine system 628
An adaptive finite element solution for cohesive sediment transport 644
Numerical modelling of mud transport processes in the Tamar Estuary 660
Dynamics of the turbidity maximum in the Changjiang Estuary, China 672
Numerical assessment of source and sink terms for cohesive sediments 688
Modeling the sediment concentration profiles at the Amazon Shelf 704
Contributing authors 720