Modern Inorganic Synthetic Chemistry (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Modern Inorganic Synthetic Chemistry 4
Copyright 5
Contents 6
Foreword 16
Preface 18
Contributors 20
Chapter 1 Introduction - Frontiers in Modern InorganicSynthetic Chemistry 22
1.1Development Of New Synthetic Reactions, Synthetic Routes, Technologies And Associated Basic Scientific Studies 23
1.2 Basic Research in Support of Green Synthesis 24
1.3 Basic Research on Synthetic and Preparative Routes Under Extreme Conditions 25
1.4 Biomimetic Synthesis and Applications of Biotechnology in Inorganic Synthesis 25
1.5 Rational Synthesis and Molecular Engineering of Inorganic Compounds with Specific Structures and Functions 26
References 28
Chapter 2 High-temperature Synthesis 30
2.1 Attainment of high temperature-laboratory furnaces [1] and related techniques [2–6] 30
2.2 Types of high-temperature synthetic reactions and routes 32
2.3 High-temperature solid-state reaction [11–14] 32
2.4 Preparation Of Rare Earthcontaining Materials 35
2.5 Sol–gel process and precursors in high-temperature solid synthesis [45–47] 39
2.6 Self-Propagating Hightemperature Synthesis (Shs) [51–60] 45
2.7 High-Temperature Preparation Of Metal Vapors And Active Molecules For Use In Cryosynthesis [70–72] 48
2.8 High-temperature electrolysis in molten salt system [73–79] 52
References 58
Chapter 3 Synthesis and Purification at Low Temperature 60
3.1 Attainment And Measurement Of Low And Ultralow Temperatures 60
3.2 Vacuum Technique and its Application in Inorganic Synthesis 61
3.3 Purification and Separation of Inorganics at Low Temperature 67
3.4 The Synthesis of Volatile Inorganic Compounds at Low Temperature 73
3.5 Formation of Rare-gas Molecules at Cryogenic Condition 74
3.6 Inorganic Synthesis in Liquid Ammonia 77
3.7 Cryosynthesis of Unusual Inorganic Compounds [52–55] 80
References 83
Chapter 4 Hydrothermal and Solvothermal Syntheses 84
4.1 Foundation of Hydrothermal and Solvothermal Syntheses [1] 84
4.2 Functional Materials from Hydrothermal and Solvothermal Systems 87
4.3 Hydrothermal Biochemistry 99
4.4 Supercritical Water—a Novel Reaction System [106–110] 102
4.5 Techniques and Methods 105
4.6 Ionothermal Synthesis 110
References 114
Chapter 5 High Pressure Synthesis and Preparationof Inorganic Materials 118
5.1 Experimental Methods Of Inorganic Synthesis Under High Pressure 119
5.2 Effects Of High Pressure On Basic States Of Matters 127
5.3 Effects Of High Pressure On Inorganic Chemical Reactions 131
5.4 Effects Of High Pressure On Crystal And Electronic Structures Of Inorganic Compounds 132
5.5 Major Roles Of High Pressure Method In Inorganic Synthesis 138
5.6 Some Important Inorganic Compounds Synthesized Under High Pressure 141
References 146
Chapter 6 Inorganic Photochemical Synthesis 150
6.1 The Basic Concepts 150
6.2 Experimental Techniques 152
6.3 Photochemical Synthesis Of Organometallic Complexes 153
6.4 Photochemical Synthesis Of Inorganic Compounds 157
6.5 Synthesis Of Inorganic Thin Films Via Photochemical Reactions 159
6.6 Photochemical Synthesis of Nanomaterials 163
6.7 Production of H2 Via Photodecomposition of Water 164
6.8 Summary 166
References 167
Chapter 7 CVD and its Related Theories in InorganicSynthesis and Materials Preparations 172
7.1 Brief History of Chemical Vapor Deposition 172
7.2 Technical Fundamentals of CVD 173
7.3 Equipment of Chemical Vapor Deposition 177
7.4 Some Theoretical Models of CVD Technology 180
7.5 Thermodynamic Coupling During The Low-Pressure Cvd Diamond Growth 187
7.6 Nonequilibrium Phase Diagrams For The Low-Pressure Cvd Diamond Growth 188
References 191
Chapter 8 Microwave-assisted Inorganic Syntheses 194
8.1 Basic Principle Of Microwave Radiation, Microwave Heating, And Microwave Equipment 194
8.2 Synthesis Of Inorganic Materials Under Microwave Heating 197
8.3 Synthesis Of Inorganic Materials Assisted With Different Microwave Frequencies 211
8.4 Plasma-Assisted Synthesis Of Inorganic Materials 211
8.5 Some Of The Basic Conclusions And Outlooks About Microwave Radiation Associated Chemistry 213
References 215
Chapter 9 Syntheses of Coordination Compounds 218
9.1 Direct Synthesis Method 218
9.2 Component Exchange Method [2,3,15] 220
9.3 Redox Interaction Method [3] 221
9.5 Inclusion Complexation Method 224
References 226
Chapter 10 Assembly Chemistry of CoordinationPolymers 228
10.1 Molecular Design Of Coordination Polymers 230
10.2 Structural Modulation By Reaction Conditions 235
10.3 Situ Metal/Ligand Reactions 242
References 245
Chapter 11 Synthetic Chemistry of Cluster Compounds 248
11.1 Description of the Clusters 248
11.2 Synthesis Of The Oxo Tm Clusters Under Hydrothermal Conditions 249
11.2.4 Designed Synthesis Via The Peripheral Substitution Of Ni6pw9 Sbus 255
11.3 Synthesis Of The Oxo Lanthanide Clusters Under Hydrothermal Conditions 257
11.3.1 Induced Synthesis Via The Ligands 257
11.4 Synthesis Of The Oxo Main Group Clusters Under Hydrothermal Conditions 259
11.5 Synthesis Of The Chalcogenide Clusters Under Hydro(Solvo)Thermal Conditions 264
References 267
Chapter 12 Synthetic Chemistry of Fullerenes 270
12.1 Synthesis 270
12.2 Characterization of Fullerenes 273
12.3 Chemical Reactions 274
References 284
Chapter 13 Synthesis of Organometallic Organometallic Compounds 290
13.1 Synthetic Reactions 291
13.2 Preparation of Typical Organometallic Compounds 300
13.3 Experimental Techniques 310
References 312
Chapter 14 Synthesis and Assembly Chemistryof Inorganic Polymers 316
14.1 Polyphosphazenes 316
14.2 Synthesis and Assembly Chemistry of Cyclophosphazene 317
14.3 Applications of Cyclomatrix Polyphosphazenes 322
14.4 Silicones 335
References 339
Chapter 15 Synthetic Chemistry of NonstoichiometricCompounds 342
15.1 Nonstoichiometric Compounds 343
15.2 Preparation of Nonstoichiometric Compounds 345
15.3 Characterization Of Nonstoichiometric Compounds 356
References 358
Chapter 16 Synthetic Chemistry of the Inorganic OrderedPorous Materials 360
16.1 Porous Materials 360
16.2 Zeolite and its Structure 361
16.3 The Synthesis of Zeolite 363
16.4 Zeotype: Zeolite-like Materials 367
16.5 New Strategies and New Trends of Zeolite Synthesis 369
16.6 Basic of Ordered Mesoporous Materials 372
16.7 Understanding the Synthesis of Mesoporous Materials 373
16.8 Typical Mesostructures and Mesoporous Materials 374
16.9 Synthesis Strategies for Mesoporous Silica 378
16.10 Morphology Control in Mesoporous Materials 383
16.11 New Compositions: Nonsilica-based Mesoporous Materials [13,22] 385
16.12 Porous Carbon Materials 386
16.13 Ordered Macroporous Materials 389
16.14 Challenges for Porous Material Scientist 389
References 390
Chapter 17 Assembly Chemistry of Anion-intercalatedLayered Materials 396
17.1 Structure of Anion-intercalated Layered Materials 396
17.2 Preparative Chemistry of Anion-intercalated Layered Materials 404
17.3 Assembly Chemistry of Anion-intercalated Layered Materials 416
References 419
Chapter 18 Host–guest Functional Materials 426
18.1 Metal Clusters in Zeolites 426
18.2 Encapsulation of Dyes in Zeolites 431
18.3 Polymers and Carbon Matters in Zeolites 433
18.4 Semiconductor Nanoparticles in Zeolites 436
18.5 Metal Complexes in Molecular Sieves 440
References 446
Chapter 19Chemical Preparation of Advanced CeramicMaterials 450
19.1 Nanoceramics 450
19.2Ceramic Matrix Composites(CMCs) 456
19.3 Integration Of Structures And Functions 463
19.4 Transparent Ceramics 464
References 471
Chapter 20 Amorphous Materials 476
20.1 Amorphous Structure 476
20.2 Formation Rule of Amorphous Alloy 482
20.3 Preparation Technology of Amorphous Materials 489
20.4 Bulk Amorphous Alloy-based Composite Materials 496
References 498
Chapter 21Synthetic Chemistry of Nanomaterials 500
21.1 Basics of the Synthetic Chemistry of Nanomaterials 500
21.2 Synthetic Method for Nanomaterials 501
21.3 Synthesis of Nanomaterials 511
21.4 Concluding Remarks 523
References 523
Chapter 22 Preparation Chemistry of Inorganic Membranes 528
22.1 Inorganic MembranesInorganic Membranes and Their Major Characteristics 528
22.2 Synthesis of Microporous Inorganic Membranes 529
22.3 Synthesis of Ordered Mesoporous Membranes 535
22.4 Conclusions 542
References 542
Chapter 23 The Frontier of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry (I)—Biomimetic Synthesis 546
23.1 Biomineralization and Its Mimetic Inorganic Materials 546
23.2 Biotemplated Inorganic Materials 555
23.3 Biomimetic Synthesis of Inorganic Chiral Materials 560
23.4 Bio-inspired Multiscale Inorganic Materials 564
References 570
Chapter 24 Frontier of Inorganic Synthesis and PreparativeChemistry (II)-Designed SynthesisdInorganicCrystalline Porous Materials 576
24.1 Structure Design of Inorganic Crystalline Porous Materials 577
24.2 Chemical and Physical Problems on Way to the Rational Synthesis of Inorganic Crystalline Porous Materials 590
24.3 Attempts to the Rational Synthesis of Inorganic Porous Crystalline Materials 591
24.4 Future Perspective On The Tailor-Made Synthesis Of Desired Inorganic Porous Crystalline Materials 605
24.5 Concluding Remarks 606
References 606
Subject Index 608