Ibero-American Bioethics (eBook)
XX, 397 Seiten
Springer Netherland (Verlag)
978-1-4020-9350-0 (ISBN)
This book is the first in a series of planned volumes focused on preserving the character of the development of bioethics in particular cultural contexts. As the first of these volumes, Leo Pessini, Christian de Paul de Barchifontaine, and Fernando Lolas Stepke's work has succeeded well. It has brought together accounts by sch- ars who were crucial to the emergence of bioethics in the Ibero-American cultural domain. This trail-blazing work in the history of bioethics will be of enduring s- nificance. I am deeply in their debt for having shouldered this far from easy task. Bioethics is the product of very particular socio-historical developments. Most prominent among them have been (1) the secularization of the dominant culture of North America, Western Europe, and now Central and South America as well, (2) a deflation of the status and authority of physicians as moral authorities able to guide their own profession, and (3) the salience of a post-traditional animus that gives c- tral place to persons as isolated atomic sources of moral authority. Bioethics initially took shape in North America as a post-Christian, post-professional, post-traditional social movement. This bioethics sought to establish a moral discourse for the public forum, a moral practice able to give practical guidance in hospitals and other insti- tions, and a body of undergirding and justifying theoretical reflections.
Ibero-American Bioethics 1
Foreword 1
Notes on Contributors 1
Authors 1
Translators 1
Introduction 1
References 1
Pessini_Part1.pdf 20
Pessini_Ch01.pdf 21
Chapter 1 21
The Historical Setting of Latin American Bioethics 21
1.1 Introduction 21
1.2 The Pre-Columbian Age and the Time of Discoveries: The Ethics of the Gift 21
1.3 The Ethical Problem of the Conquest: The Ethics of Despotism 23
1.4 The Colonial Age: The Ethics of Paternalism 25
1.5 The Age of Independence: The Vicissitudes of Ethnic Autonomy in Latin America 29
Post Script – History in First Person 32
From Anthropology to Bioethics 32
Rediscovering the History of Ethics 32
My American Experience and Return to Fundamentals 33
Clinical Ethics 34
Teaching Bioethics: Spain and Latin America 34
Looking to the Future 35
References 36
Pessini_Ch02.pdf 38
Chapter 2 38
The Discourses of Bioethics in Latin America 38
2.1 Introduction 38
2.2 Reception of Bioethics in the 1970s: Argentina’s Pioneering Role in the Reception of Bioethics in Latin America 38
2.3 Assimilation of Bioethics in the 1980s 40
2.4 The Re-creation of Bioethics in the 1990s 41
2.5 Conclusion 43
References 43
Pessini_Ch03.pdf 45
Chapter 3 45
A Personal History of Bioethics in Latin America: The Current Challenge to the Medical Profession and the Influence of Pharmace 45
3.1 The Beginnings of Bioethics 45
3.2 The Role of the Pan-American Health Organization 48
3.3 An Ongoing Bioethics Project 50
3.4 The Medical Profession 51
3.5 The Pharmaceutical Industry’s Influence 53
3.6 Conclusion 56
References 57
Pessini_Ch04.pdf 58
Chapter 4 58
Bioethics in Latin America and Colombia1 58
4.1 The Subject in Its Context 58
4.2 The Impact of Bioethics on the Contemporary Universal Culture 59
4.2.1 Characteristics 59
4.2.2 Bio-Ethics 59
4.3 The First Stage of Bioethics in Latin America: “The Transplant” 60
4.3.1 Antecedents 60
4.3.2 A Contrast Between Two Cultures5 61
4.3.3 Bioethics Revolution 61
4.4 The Transplant and Development of Bioethics in Latin America 62
4.4.1 Argentina: Institute of Medical Humanities and ELABE 62
4.4.2 Colombia Begins to Work 63
4.5 The Second Stage: Consolidation of Bioethics in Latin America 63
4.5.1 The Bulletin of PAHO 64
4.5.2 Latin American Federation of Bioethics Institutions (FELAIBE) 64
4.5.3 The Regional Program of Bioethics, PAHO 65
4.6 A Brief Summary 65
4.7 The Fast Dissemination of Bioethics in Latin America 65
4.7.1 Pros and Cons 66
4.8 An Explanatory Note 67
References 68
Pessini_Ch05.pdf 69
Chapter 5 69
The Pan American Health Organization and Latin American Bioethics 69
5.1 The University of Chile and the PAHO Bioethics Program 69
5.2 The Involvement of PAHO 69
5.3 Education and Training 70
5.4 Research and Advocacy 71
5.5 Future Challenges 72
References 74
Pessini_Part2.pdf 75
Pessini_Ch06.pdf 76
Chapter 6 76
References to Bioethics in Argentina1 76
6.1 Introduction 76
6.2 Study Centers 76
6.2.1 Professional Associations 77
6.2.2 University Chairs 77
6.2.3 Programs and Institutes 77
6.3 Ethics Committees, Commissions, and Boards 78
6.4 Public Policies 79
6.4.1 Conventions on Human Rights Included in the National Constitution (Art. 75, Items 22 and 23, Ref. 1994) 80
6.4.2 Other Argentinean Legal Norms 80
6.4.3 Relevant Judicial Decisions 80
6.5 Relevant Publications of Bioethics 81
6.5.3 Web sites of Institutions and Organizations 82
Pessini_Ch07.pdf 83
Chapter 7 83
Bioethics in Bolivia: Antecedents and Projections 83
7.1 First Precursors and Antecedents 83
7.1.1 Institutional Context of Bioethics in Bolivia 84
7.1.2 National Committee of Bioethics 85
7.1.2.1 Foundations 85
7.1.2.2 Initiatives 85
7.1.2.3 Activities 85
7.1.3 Inter-institutional Relations 88
7.1.4 Representations 89
7.1.5 Publications 89
7.1.6 Motivations and Future Directions of CNB 89
7.2 The History of the Institute of Bioethics of the Bolivian Catholic University in Cochabamba 92
7.2.1 Antecedents 92
7.2.2 Purposes and Objective 92
7.2.3 Promoted Activities 92
7.2.4 Inter-institutional Relations 93
7.2.5 Publications 93
7.2.6 Motivations and Guidelines of the Institute of Bioethics 93
7.3 Bolivian Association of Bioethics and Genetic Right 96
7.3.1 Antecedents 96
7.3.2 Purposes and Aims 96
7.3.3 Activities 96
7.3.4 International Relations 97
7.3.5 Publications 97
7.3.6 Motivations and Directions of ABIODGE 97
References 98
Chapter 8 1
An X-Ray of Bioethics in Brazil: Pioneering Voices, Institutional and Educational Programs and Perspectives 1
8.1 Introduction 1
8.2 The First Congresses of Bioethics and Health in Brazil 101
8.3 The Brazilian Bioethics Society (SBB) 102
8.4 Brazilian Institutional and Educational Initiatives 104
8.4.1 The Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFGRGS) and the Hospital Clinics of Porto Alegre (HCPA) 104
8.4.2 Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre: The Nucleus of Bioethical Studies and the 105
8.4.3 University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo (SP) 105
8.4.4 University of Brasília (UB), Center of Advanced Multidisciplinary Studies: Center of Studies and Research in Bioethics 106
8.4.5 The Federal Council of Medicine (CFM), Brasília (DF) 106
8.4.6 The Brazilian Society of Moral Theology 107
8.4.7 São Camilo University Center, São Paulo (SP) 107
8.4.8 Unisinos University, São Leopoldo (RS) 109
8.4.9 Feminist Bioethics Centers 109
8.4.9.1 ANIS: The Institute of Bioethics, Human Rights, and Gender 109
8.4.9.2 Bioethics Information Network (RIB): Bioethics and Feminist and Anti-Racist Theory – Belo Horizonte (MG) 110
8.4.10 National School of Public Health/ENSP/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro (RJ) 111
8.4.11 Center of Bioethics de Londrina (NBL), Paraná 111
8.5 Ethics in Research Involving Human Beings (1996–2006) 112
8.6 A Prospective Evaluation 113
References 115
Pessini_Ch09.pdf 118
Chapter 9 118
Bioethics in Chile 118
9.1 Introduction 118
9.2 Historical Background 119
9.3 Early Bioethics 121
9.4 Institutions 122
9.5 Bioethical Deliberations and Cultural Influences 124
References 126
Chapter 10 1
Evolution of Bioethics in Costa Rica: A Recent History 1
10.1 Introduction 1
10.2 The Beginnings of Bioethics in Research 128
10.3 The Beginnings of Clinical Bioethics 130
10.4 Structure and Membership of Bioethics Committees 131
10.5 Bioethics Legislation in Costa Rica 133
10.6 Publications 133
10.7 Where Are We Going? 134
References 134
Chapter 11 1
Bioethics in Cuba: Responsibility and Solidarity 1
11.1 Introduction 1
11.2 A Cuban Perspective of the New Paradigm of the Doctor–Patient Relationship 1
11.3 Justice as Solidarity 136
11.4 Beneficence as Responsibility 137
11.5 Cuban Contributions to Sustainable Global Bioethics 142
11.6 Bioethics as a New Type of Knowledge: Applied or Meta-Ethics? 146
11.7 Conclusion 147
References 148
Pessini_Ch12.pdf 150
Chapter 12 150
The History of Bioethics in the Dominican Republic 150
12.1 Antecedents: The Birth 150
12.2 Stage of Formalization (1998–2001): Development 151
12.3 Internalization 152
12.4 Growth: Broadening and Development 152
12.4.1 The Academic Setting 153
12.4.2 Representation 153
12.4.3 Caribbean Commission of Bioethics 153
12.5 Legal Aspects 154
12.6 The Present Situation of Bioethics in the Dominican Republic 155
References 156
Pessini_Ch13.pdf 157
Chapter 13 157
Historical Aspects of the Development of Bioethics in Ecuador 157
13.1 Introduction 157
13.2 Legal Framework 158
13.3 The Sowing of Bioethics 158
13.4 Bioethics in Professional Training 159
13.5 Bioethics and Institutions 160
13.6 The National Commission of Bioethics 161
13.7 Institutionalization of Bioethics 162
13.8 Activities in Bioethics 163
13.9 The Ecuadorian Bioethics Society 164
13.10 Publications on Bioethics 164
13.11 Final Considerations 165
References 166
Pessini_Ch14.pdf 167
Chapter 14 167
A Survey of the Development of Mexican Bioethics: Genomic Medicine as One of Its Greatest Challenges 167
14.1 Posing the Problem 167
14.2 The Construction of Bioethics in Mexico 168
14.2.1 The Origins of Bioethics in Mexico: Manuel Velasco-Suárez 168
14.2.2 The National Commission of Bioethics 168
14.2.3 Educational Offerings in Bioethics 170
14.2.4 Bioethics Organizations 171
14.2.5 Bioethics and Research Centers in Mexico 174
14.2.6 Bioethics in the Legal System 174
14.2.7 Bioethics in Jurisprudence 176
14.2.8 Bioethics in Legislative Projects 178
14.3 Bioethics and the Platform of Genomic Medicine in Mexico 178
14.3.1 General Aspects of Genomic Medicine 179
14.4 Final Reflections 179
References 181
Pessini_Ch15.pdf 182
Chapter 15 182
The History of Bioethics in Panama 182
15.1 Introduction 182
15.2 Bioethics in Public Services 183
15.2.1 The National Level 183
15.2.2 The Local Level 186
15.3 Bioethics and Bioethics Committees 187
15.4 Bioethics in the Private Sector 190
15.5 Education in Bioethics 191
15.5.1 The Ministry of Health 191
15.5.2 The University of Panama 192
15.5.3 The University of Santa Maria La Antigua 193
15.5.4 Other Universities 193
15.5.5 The Teaching Hospitals 193
15.5.6 Bioethics Associations 194
15.6 The Laws of Bioethics and Relative Themes 194
15.7 Conclusion 198
References 198
Pessini_Ch16.pdf 200
Chapter 16 200
The History and Development of Bioethics in Paraguay1 200
16.1 Introduction 200
16.2 Geographic Situation, Health, Demographics and Other Indicators 201
16.3 Laws and Acts of the Executive Ministerial Resolutions 202
16.4 Civil Associations 203
16.5 Bioethics and Ethics Committees 204
16.6 Specialists in Bioethics 207
16.7 Education 208
16.8 Literature 208
16.9 Courses, Symposia, and Congresses 209
16.10 The Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights 211
16.11 Conclusion and Challenges 212
References 212
Pessini_Ch17.pdf 213
Chapter 17 213
Bioethics in Peru 213
17.1 Introduction 213
17.2 Honorio Delgado: A Precursor 214
17.3 The Beginnings of the Peruvian Bioethics Movement 215
17.4 The Peruvian Association of Bioethics (ASPEBIO) 216
17.4.1 The History of ASPEBIO 216
17.4.2 ASPEBIO: Projections 217
17.5 Historical Events 218
17.5.1 International Bioethics Course: “Bioethics and Health” (1996) 218
17.5.2 Seminar and Workshop of PAHO/OMS (1999) 218
17.5.3 First Ethics and Medicine Day (2000) 219
17.5.4 International Bioethics Course: Controversies and Challenges (2000) 219
17.5.5 First International Bioethics Course (2003) 219
17.5.6 International Bioethics Week (2003) 220
17.5.7 Tenth Pastoral Day of Health (2004) 220
17.5.8 Ethical and Legal Aspects of the Medical Act 220
17.5.9 International Symposium of Bioethicists 220
17.6 Legal Aspects 221
17.7 Research Ethics Committees in Peru 221
17.7.1 Research Ethics Committee of the Edgardo Rebagliatti Martins Hospital 222
17.7.2 National Institute of Health 222
17.7.3 Peruvian Bioethics Center (CEPEBIO) 223
17.7.4 RENACE: General Office of Epidemiology (OGE) 223
17.7.5 PRISMA (A Non-governmental Organization) 223
17.8 The Journey of the Cristóforis Deneke Health Institute (ISDEN) Through the Pathways of Bioethics (1998–2006) 223
17.8.1 Antecedents 223
17.8.2 Current Work 224
17.8.3 Ethics Training in Undergraduate Nursing Courses 225
17.8.4 Graduate Education in Bioethics 225
17.8.5 Publications of ISDEN 226
17.8.6 National and International Bioethics and Ethics Events 226
17.9 Conclusions 227
Works Cited 227
Pessini_Ch18.pdf 229
Chapter 18 229
Bioethics in Portugal 229
18.1 Introduction 229
18.2 Institutions 230
18.3 Main Activities 231
18.4 Publications 232
18.5 Teaching Bioethics 232
18.6 Biomedical Research 233
18.7 Laws of Biomedical Relevance 234
18.8 International Links 234
18.9 Contacts 235
References 236
Pessini_Ch19.pdf 238
Chapter 19 238
Historical Development of Bioethics in Puerto Rico 238
19.1 Introduction: The Present 238
19.2 The Pioneering Phase: The UPR, Mayagüez Campus 240
19.3 The Medical Sciences Campus of the UPR 241
19.4 Initiatives Outside of Academia: The Bioethics Seminar 242
19.5 Initiatives Taken by the Puerto Rico Medical Association 242
19.6 Additional Efforts 243
19.7 The Puerto Rican Federation of Bioethics 244
19.8 The Future 245
Pessini_Ch20.pdf 250
Chapter 20 250
The Dynamics of the Bioethical Dialogue in Spain 250
20.1 Introduction 250
20.2 The Birth of the Borja Institute of Bioethics 251
20.3 The Second Period 254
20.3.1 The Ethical Foundation of Bioethics 255
20.3.2 The Theological Foundation of Bioethics 258
20.3.3 The Legal Foundation of Bioethics 259
20.3.4 Testimony and Narrative in Bioethics 260
20.4 A Period of Review, Projection, and Integration 261
References 264
Pessini_Ch21.pdf 266
Chapter 21 266
Bioethics in Venezuela: First Pathways 266
21.1 Introduction 266
21.2 Human Rights 268
21.3 An Emergent Bioethical Thought 270
21.4 Stages of Development 271
21.4.1 “First Steps” 272
21.4.2 “Adolescence” 273
21.5 Bioethics at the State Level 273
21.6 Bioethics Committees 274
21.7 International Participation 276
21.7.1 At the Institutional Level 276
21.7.2 International Congresses 276
21.8 Professional Education 277
21.8.1 A Joint Request 277
21.9 New Opportunities and Spaces for Reflection 279
21.10 Conclusion 281
References 285
Pessini_Part3.pdf 287
Pessini_Ch22.pdf 288
Chapter 22 288
Bioethics and Religion in Latin America 288
22.1 Introduction 288
22.2 “Bridges to the Future”: Common Bridges 288
22.3 Bioethics: An Estrangement Between Reason and Religion? 290
22.4 Religion and Bioethics in a Context of Persistent Inequities 291
22.5 Beyond Dogmatism 292
22.6 Bioethics and Theology on the Question of Transcendence 293
22.7 Is There an Implicit Religion Within Bioethics? 295
22.8 Lay Bioethics and Religious Bioethics: The Challenge of Discourse 296
22.9 Bioethics and Religion: The Challenge of Their Places in Society 297
References 298
Pessini_Ch23.pdf 300
Chapter 23 300
Bioethics and Women in Latin America: A Biographical and Genealogical Essay 300
23.1 A Genealogical Overview 301
23.2 Between Doctors and Theologians: Feminist Women 303
23.3 Between Academic Protagonists and Public Speakers 304
23.4 Women and New Challenges 307
Acknowledgments 308
References 308
Pessini_Ch24.pdf 311
Chapter 24 311
The Environment and Bioethics: A Brazilian Perspective 311
24.1 Introduction 311
24.2 Natural and Cultural Biodiversity 312
24.3 Sustainable Development 316
24.4 Environmental Justice 317
24.5 Health and the Environment 318
24.6 Conclusion 320
References 321
Chapter 25 1
Human Vulnerability 1
25.1 Vulnerability in the Singular 1
25.2 Vulnerability in the Plural 326
25.3 Seeking a Conclusion 332
References 333
Pessini_Ch26.pdf 335
Chapter 26 335
Ethics of Research Involving Human Subjects: The Brazilian Experience 335
26.1 Introduction 335
26.2 Guidelines for Ethical Research in Brazil 337
26.2.1 Motivation 337
26.2.2 Research Ethics Committees (CEP) 339
26.2.3 National Commission for Research Ethics (CONEP) 341
26.3 Final Considerations 342
References 343
Pessini_Part4.pdf 344
Pessini_Ch27.pdf 345
Chapter 27 345
A Prospective Examination for Discovering Challenges from the Hispano-American Historical Context 345
27.1 Introduction: Defining the Historical Context 345
27.2 The Universalist Perspective of Bioethics Returns Relativized but Strong Enough 345
27.3 Complimentarity and Parallelism Among the Identified Bioethics Nuclei 348
27.4 Economic and Social Costs 349
27.5 General Evaluation 352
27.6 Before Planetary Threats: By Means of Bioethics and Beyond 356
References 357
Pessini_Ch28.pdf 358
Chapter 28 358
A Critical Reading of Latin American Bioethics 358
28.1 Searching for an Approach 358
28.2 Recognizing the Work of the Pioneers of Medical Humanism 359
28.3 A Respectful Retrospective Examination 360
28.4 The Emergence of a Bioethical Reflection on Latin American Questions 361
28.5 The Appeal to Moral Ideals and the Risk of Bioethical “Pamphletism” 362
28.6 The Opening of Bioethics to the Great Themes Related to Life 363
28.7 The Search for the Epistemological Structure of Bioethics 365
28.8 A Final Remark 367
References 367
Chapter 29 1
What Kind of Future Awaits Us? Some Challenging Questions for the Future of Bioethics in Ibero-America 1
29.1 Introduction 1
29.2 Broadening the Ethical Perspective: From an Individualistic to a Communitarian Approach 369
29.3 Challenges in Developing a Horizon of Meaning for Bioethics 371
29.4 Beyond Principlism 372
29.5 Justice and Equity in Health Care 372
29.6 Bioethics and Religion 373
29.7 A Final Note 373
References 374
Pessini_Part5.pdf 375
Pessini_Ch30.pdf 376
Chapter 30 376
The Many Beginnings of Bioethics: A Comparison of American and Ibero-American Bioethics and the Possibility of a Global Bioe 376
References 383
Pessini_Backmatter.pdf 384
Ibero-American Bioethics 3
Foreword 5
Notes on Contributors 10
Authors 10
Translators 15
Introduction 16
References 19
| Erscheint lt. Verlag | 16.12.2009 |
|---|---|
| Reihe/Serie | Philosophy and Medicine | Philosophy and Medicine |
| Übersetzer | Jennifer Bulcock, Adail Sobral, Maria Stella Gonçalves |
| Zusatzinfo | XX, 397 p. 3 illus. |
| Verlagsort | Dordrecht |
| Sprache | englisch |
| Original-Titel | bioética na Ibero-América: história e perspectivas. 1ª. ed. São Paulo: Centro Universitário são Camilo e Edições Loyla, 2007. |
| Themenwelt | Geisteswissenschaften ► Philosophie ► Allgemeines / Lexika |
| Geisteswissenschaften ► Philosophie ► Ethik | |
| Geisteswissenschaften ► Philosophie ► Geschichte der Philosophie | |
| Geisteswissenschaften ► Philosophie ► Metaphysik / Ontologie | |
| Medizin / Pharmazie ► Allgemeines / Lexika | |
| Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie | |
| Schlagworte | Abortion • american bioethics • Bioethics • development of bioethics • Environment • ethics • euthanasia • History of Bioethics • Latin America • Morality • Religion |
| ISBN-10 | 1-4020-9350-0 / 1402093500 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-1-4020-9350-0 / 9781402093500 |
| Haben Sie eine Frage zum Produkt? |
PDF (Wasserzeichen)Größe: 3,6 MB
DRM: Digitales Wasserzeichen
Dieses eBook enthält ein digitales Wasserzeichen und ist damit für Sie personalisiert. Bei einer missbräuchlichen Weitergabe des eBooks an Dritte ist eine Rückverfolgung an die Quelle möglich.
Dateiformat: PDF (Portable Document Format)
Mit einem festen Seitenlayout eignet sich die PDF besonders für Fachbücher mit Spalten, Tabellen und Abbildungen. Eine PDF kann auf fast allen Geräten angezeigt werden, ist aber für kleine Displays (Smartphone, eReader) nur eingeschränkt geeignet.
Systemvoraussetzungen:
PC/Mac: Mit einem PC oder Mac können Sie dieses eBook lesen. Sie benötigen dafür einen PDF-Viewer - z.B. den Adobe Reader oder Adobe Digital Editions.
eReader: Dieses eBook kann mit (fast) allen eBook-Readern gelesen werden. Mit dem amazon-Kindle ist es aber nicht kompatibel.
Smartphone/Tablet: Egal ob Apple oder Android, dieses eBook können Sie lesen. Sie benötigen dafür einen PDF-Viewer - z.B. die kostenlose Adobe Digital Editions-App.
Zusätzliches Feature: Online Lesen
Dieses eBook können Sie zusätzlich zum Download auch online im Webbrowser lesen.
Buying eBooks from abroad
For tax law reasons we can sell eBooks just within Germany and Switzerland. Regrettably we cannot fulfill eBook-orders from other countries.
aus dem Bereich
