The Global Thermohaline Paleocirculation (eBook)

Elena Ivanova is a member of Russian Paleontological Society and of the American Geophysical Union and a Russian representative in IMAGES (The International Marine Core Study) Program. Her book is based on her Habilitation Thesis defended at Shirshov Institute of Oceanology in 2003. She collected the material for her book during 10 marine cruises including the IMAGES MONA cruise, and Russian-Norwegian cruise in the Barents Sea in 2004 where Elena Ivanova was a Chief Scientist. She also worked as a visiting scientist at eight institutes outside of Russia.

Preface 6
Contents 10
Acknowledgments 8
Introduction 13
1 The Global Thermohaline Circulation and the Main Stages of Its Development During the Cenozoic 18
1.1 Modern Thermohaline Circulation and the Global Conveyor Belt 18
1.2 Atmospheric Circulation Modes and Their Linkage to Thermohaline Circulation 28
1.2.1 NAO, AO, and PDO 28
1.2.2 ENSO 30
1.3 An Overview of the Global Thermohaline Circulation Development over the Course of the Cenozoic 32
1.4 Summary 39
2 Methods and Proxies of Paleoceanographic Reconstructions 40
3 Variability of the Meridional Overturning Circulation and Paleoceanographic Events in the North Atlantic During the Last Climatic Cycle 47
3.1 Introduction 47
3.2 Last Interglaciation 48
3.3 Last Glaciation 51
3.4 DansgaardOeschger Cycles 56
3.5 Heinrich Events 62
3.6 Deglaciation and the Holocene 69
3.7 Summary 74
4 Influence of the Global Thermohaline Circulation on Paleoceanographic Events in the Eurasian Arctic Seas 76
4.1 Introduction 76
4.2 An Overview of the Modern Arctic Hydrology 77
4.3 Modern Hydrology and Sedimentation Environments in the Barents and Kara Seas 79
4.4 Stratigraphy and Correlation of Postglacial Sediments 84
4.5 The Influence of the Atlantic Water Input on the Paleoenvironments in the Barents and Kara Seas 101
4.5.1 The End of the Last Glaciation 101
4.5.2 Deglaciation 102
4.5.3 The Long-Term Holocene Events 106
4.5.4 The Short-Term Holocene Events 113
4.6 Summary 120
5 Paleoceanography of the Northern Indian Ocean: Linkages to Monsoon and Global Thermohaline Paleocirculation 122
5.1 Introduction 122
5.2 Modern Surface Circulation in the Northern Indian Ocean 123
5.3 Onset and Development of the Monsoon Circulation in the Indian Ocean During the Neogene 128
5.4 Variations in Paleoenvironments and Monsoon Circulation During the Late PleistoceneHolocene 131
5.5 Paleoproductivity Variations in the Arabian Sea Related to Monsoon and Thermohaline Circulation 136
5.6 Mechanisms Controlling the Monsoon Intensity During the Pleistocene 150
5.7 Paleoceanographic Changes in the Tropical Indian Ocean Linked to Variations in the Return Branch of Global Thermohaline Circulation 154
5.8 Summary 159
6 Influence of the Thermohaline Circulation on Paleoceanographic Events in the South China Sea 161
6.1 Introduction 161
6.2 Paleoceanographic Events in the South China Sea from the Last Glaciation to Holocene 163
6.3 Variations of the East Asian Monsoon During the Holocene 178
6.4 Linkages of the Monsoon Circulation to Global Climate Change 180
6.5 Summary 183
7 The Role of Thermohaline Circulation in Global Teleconnections 185
7.1 Introduction 185
7.2 Interhemispheric Teleconnections 191
7.3 Linkages Between the North Atlantic and Eurasian Arctic Seas 197
7.4 Teleconnections Between North Atlantic and Monsoon Regions 198
7.5 Teleconnections Among North Pacific, North Atlantic, and Southern Ocean 200
7.6 Pole-to-Equator Teleconnections in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific 203
7.7 Mechanisms of Teleconnection 208
7.8 Summary 213
Conclusion 213
Appendix 217
Abbreviations 252
References 254
Colour Plates 297
Index 315