Physical Soil Mechanics (eBook)

Gerd Gudehus studied civil engineering in Berlin, where he also completed his doctoral thesis in soil mechanics. In 1973, he became full professor and chairman of the Department of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering at the Institute of Soil and Rock Mechanics, Karlsruhe University. He is head of the Soil Mechanics Section of the German National Geotechnical Society and is engaged in the conservation and restoration of historical retaining walls and in the stabilization of the foundations of historical buildings situated on soft ground.

Advances in Geophysical and Environmental Mechanics and Mathematics 1
PROLOGUE 4
Contents 10
1 INTRODUCTION 13
1.1 Potential of particulate and solid continuum models 14
1.2 Objectivity of continuum soil models 19
2 SIMPLE PSAMMOIDS 27
2.1 A prelude on solids 29
2.2 An introduction of simple psammoids 38
2.3 A shortcut of CSSM 49
2.4 A shortcut of hypoplasticity 56
2.5 Validations near state limits with cylindrical symmetry 62
2.6 Validation off state limits with cylindrical symmetry 68
2.7 Cuboidal deformations near state limits 76
2.8 Cuboidal deformations off state limits 87
2.9 Simple shearing at state limits 94
2.10 Shearing off state limits 105
2.11 General and outlook 112
3 SIMPLE PELOIDS 123
3.1 A second prelude on solids 124
3.2 An introduction of simple peloids 134
3.3 Cam clay plus viscosity with cylindrical symmetry 149
3.4 Visco-hypoplasticity with cylindrical symmetry 156
3.5 Validation near and at state limits with cylindrical symmetry 163
3.6 Validation off state limits with cylindrical symmetry 175
3.7 Cuboidal deformations 182
3.8 Simple shearing 186
3.9 General and outlook 197
4 PSAMMOIDS WITH REVERSALS 205
4.1 A third prelude on solids 206
4.2 Observed response of sand with reversals 218
4.3 Attractors with force-roughness 230
4.4 Elastoplasticity with back stress 239
4.5 Hypoplasticity with intergranular strain 247
4.6 Seismically activated viscous effects 255
4.7 General and outlook 264
5 PELOIDS WITH REVERSALS 270
5.1 A fourth prelude on solids 271
5.2 Observed response of peloids with reversals 278
5.3 Visco-elastoplasticity with back stress 286
5.4 Visco-hypoplasticity with intergranular strain 292
5.5 General and outlook 297
6 PORE FLUID 304
6.1 Interfaces of water with gas and solids 305
6.2 Pore fluid of psammoids 308
6.3 Pore fluid of peloids 315
7 BRIDGING GAPS 324
7.1 Saturated peloids with net pressures 324
7.2 Unsaturated soils 333
7.3 Cemented and transient particles 343
8 LOCALIZATION 354
8.1 A fifth prelude on solids 355
8.2 Shear localization in psammoids 365
8.3 Shear localization in peloids 379
8.4 Cracking and channelling 390
9 FABRIC 396
9.1 Fabrics by state 396
9.2 Fabrics by composition 402
10 BOUNDARY CONDITIONS 408
10.1 Soils at water and air 409
10.2 Boundaries in the ground 417
10.3 Soils at solids 426
10.4 Placement and removal 434
11 ONE-DIMENSIONAL EVOLUTIONS 447
11.1 A prelude on the diffusion of pore water 448
11.2 Standing psammoid columns 454
11.3 Standing peloid and composite columns 460
11.4 Standing soil columns with wave propagation 467
11.5 Psammoid columns in slopes 473
11.6 Peloid columns in slopes 480
11.7 Radial symmetry 488
12 PLANE-PARALLEL EVOLUTIONS WITHOUT SSI 494
12.1 Psammoid heaps upon a solid base 495
12.2 Peloid and composite heaps on a solid base 504
12.3 Heaps upon yielding ground 511
12.4 Excavations 522
12.5 In-plane and anti-plane shaking 531
12.6 Normal faulting 540
13 PLANE-PARALLEL EVOLUTIONS WITH SSI 547
13.1 Psammoids at rigid guided walls 548
13.2 Peloids and composites at rigid guided walls 562
13.3 Guided rigid strips upon yielding ground 571
13.4 Rigid structures at the ground 584
13.5 Deformable structures at the ground 598
13.6 Strutted and back-tied retaining structures 608
13.7 Cavities and underground structures 621
13.8 SSI with reversals 634
14 AXI-SYMMETRIC EVOLUTIONS 644
14.1 Triaxial tests 645
14.2 Fills, excavations and ring structures 656
14.3 Penetration 667
14.4 Piles 682
14.5 Silos 694
14.6 Torsion 706
15 LESS SYMMETRIC EVOLUTIONS 719
15.1 Two symmetry planes without SSI 719
15.2 Two symmetry planes with SSI 731
15.3 One symmetry plane and simple SSI 747
15.4 One symmetry plane and complex SSI 760
15.5 Tumbling and driving 779
16 CRITICAL PHENOMENA 794
16.1 Critical phenomena off soil mechanics 795
16.2 Pattern formation with soils 798
16.3 Deterministic chaos with soils 802
EPILOGUE 808
Symbols and Acronyms 811
References 814
Index 839