Turbulence and Interactions (eBook)

Title Page 1
Preface 5
Contents 6
Keynote Lectures 6
Some Characteristics of Non-Reacting and Reacting Low Swirl Number Jets 11
Inner-Outer Interactions inWall-Bounded Turbulence 12
Introduction 12
The General Organisation of Wall-Bounded Turbulence 14
The Buffer Layer 15
The Logarithmic Layer 17
The Direction of Causality 19
References 22
Turbulence Interaction with Atmospheric Physical Processes 24
Introduction 24
PBL Turbulence and Its Interactions 25
Interaction with Land Processes and Diurnal Cycle 26
Interaction with Ocean Waves 27
Interaction with Radiation and Cloud Microphysics 29
Turbulence in Complex, Real-World Environments 30
Summary 31
References 32
LES of Pulsating Turbulent Flows over Smooth and Wavy Boundaries 34
Introduction 34
Approach 36
Results 37
Smooth Wall 37
Wavy Wall 38
Temporal Evolution of the Near Wall Momentum Flux 42
Conclusions 44
References 45
Numerical Study of Turbulence–Wave Interaction 46
Introduction 46
Numerical Method 47
Mechanistic Study of Turbulence over Plane Progressive Waves 50
Interaction of NonlinearWave Evolution with Turbulence 53
Conclusion 57
References 57
High Reynolds NumberWall-Bounded Turbulence and a Proposal for a New Eddy-Based Model 59
Introduction 59
Model Design 61
Candidate Eddy Functions 62
Turbulence Intensity 65
Comparison with the Attached Eddy Model in the Overlap Region 66
Results 66
Discussion 67
References 69
Regular Papers 6
PANS Methodology Applied to Elliptic-Relaxation Based Eddy Viscosity Transport Model 71
Introduction 71
Model Equations 72
Results and Discussions 75
Conclusions 77
References 77
PIV Study of Turbulent Flow in Porous Media 78
Introduction 78
Experimental Set-Up and Measurement Procedure 79
Results and Discussion 81
Summary and Conclusions 84
References 84
A Model for Dissipation: Cascade SDE with Markov Regime-Switching and Dirichlet Prior 86
Introduction 86
Measurements 88
Cascade SDE 88
Cascade SDE with Regimes and Dirichlet Prior 89
Model Specification 89
Conditional Distributions 90
Etimation Procedure 90
Implementation and Numerical Results 91
Simulated Data 91
Wind Speed Data 91
Conclusion 92
References 92
Wavelet Analysis of the Turbulent LES Data of the Lid-Driven Cavity Flow 94
Introduction 94
LES of the Lid-Driven Cubical Cavity Flow 95
Spectral Analysis and Wavelet Analysis 95
Towards a Spectrum of Singularities 100
Conclusions 100
References 101
A Two-Phase LES CompressibleModel for Plasma-Liquid Jet Interaction 102
Introduction 102
Numerical Model 103
Modelling 103
Numerical Methods 105
Physical Parameters 105
Single Phase LES Plasma Simulation 105
Multiphase Plasma Simulation 106
Conclusions and Perspectives 108
References 108
Simulation of a Fluidized Bed Using a Hybrid Eulerian-Lagrangian Method for Particle Tracking 110
Introduction 110
Numerical Methods 111
Fictitious Domain Approach and Penalty Method 111
Tracking of Particles and Collision Model 112
Results 113
Vertical Profile of Volume Fraction and Pair Distribution Function g(r) 114
Average Local Velocities and Local Variances 115
Conclusion 116
References 116
Wavelet-Adapted Sub-grid ScaleModels for LES 118
Introduction 118
Wavelet Approach to SGS Modelling and Numerical Issues 119
Results for Plane Channel Flow 121
Results for the Flow in a Model Combustor 121
References 124
Effect of Particle-Particle Collisions on the Spatial Distribution of Inertial Particles Suspended in Homogeneous Isotropic Turbulent Flows 125
Introduction 125
Numerical Methods 126
Preferential Concentration Characterization 127
Results and Discussion 129
Conclusions 131
References 131
Effect of Near-Wall Componental Modification of Turbulence on Its Statistical Properties 132
Procedure 132
Results and Discussion 133
References 138
Large-Eddy Simulation of Transonic Buffet over a Supercritical Airfoil 139
Introduction 139
Description of the Computation 140
Mean Field Analysis 140
Spectral Analysis 143
Space and Time Scales 143
Discussion 144
References 145
Large Eddy Simulation of Coherent Structures over Forest Canopy 146
Introduction 146
Physical and Mathematical Model 147
Results and Discussion 148
Conclusion 152
References 152
Toroidal/Poloidal Modes Dynamics in Anisotropic Turbulence 153
Context 153
Numerical Approach 153
Results 155
Directional Spectra in the Fast Rotating Case 156
Directional Spectra in the Strongly Stratified Cases 156
Lagrangian Structure of Anisotropic Turbulence 157
Future Work 159
References 160
Grid Filter Modeling for Large-Eddy Simulation 161
Introduction 161
Governing Equations 162
Subgrid Modeling 163
Deconvolution Models 163
Grid Filter Models 164
Grid Filter Modeling 165
Lid-Driven Cavity Flow Simulation 165
Conclusion and Perspectives 166
References 167
Pulsating Flow through Porous Media 168
Introduction 168
Flow Problem and Computational Setup 169
Results 171
Conclusion 174
References 174
Thermodynamic Fluctuations Behaviour during a Sheared Turbulence/Shock Interaction 175
Introduction 175
Numerical Method 176
Results and Discussion 177
Analysis of the Reference Case (STSI1) 177
Influence of the Sign of the Upstream Fluctuating Velocity-Temperature Correlation 180
References 181
LES and DES Study of Fluid-Particle Dynamics in a Human Mouth-Throat Geometry 182
Introduction 182
Quality Control 183
Results and Discussion 185
Fluid Phase 185
Particle Phase 187
Conclusions 188
References 188
Viscous Drag Reduction with Surface-Embedded Grooves 189
Introduction 189
The Mechanism of Turbulent Drag Reduction 190
Experimental Investigations 192
Grooved Surface Topology 192
Channel Test Rig 192
Experimental Results 194
Conclusions 195
References 195
Study on the Resolution Requirements for DNS in Turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard Convection 196
Introduction 196
Numerical Procedure 197
Results 198
Conclusions 202
References 202
On the Role of Coherent Structures in a Lid Driven Cavity Flow 203
Introduction 203
Numerical Simulation and Coherent Vortex Extraction 204
Results 205
Vorticity 205
Velocity 206
Application of CVE to the Flow Evolution 209
Conclusion 209
References 209
Local versus Nonlocal Processes in Turbulent Flows, Kinematic Coupling and General Stochastic Processes 211
Introduction 211
Definitions and Kinematic Relations of Second and Third Orders 212
Hosokawa Paper: Local Versus Nonlocal Contributions 213
Experimental Facilities and Related Matters 214
Validation of Kinematic Relations and Their Role 216
References 217
Time-Resolved 3D Simulation of an Aircraft Wing with Deployed High-Lift System 218
Introduction 218
Numerical Method and Setup 219
DDES Results 220
Conclusion and Future Work 224
References 224
Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer in a Channel with Spherical and Oval Dimples 226
Introduction 226
Numerical Model 227
Results 227
Validation 227
Flow Structures 228
Heat Transfer 229
Conclusions 231
Investigation of the Flow around a Cylinder Plate Configuration with Respect to Aerodynamic Noise Generation Mechanisms 233
Introduction 233
Test Case Description 234
Numerical Setup 234
Numerical Method 234
Acoustic Source Term Modeling 235
Simulation Setup 236
Results 236
Flow Features 236
Frequency Spectra 237
Conclusion 239
References 239
LES of the Flow around Ahmed Body with Active Flow Control 240
Introduction 240
Description of the Model and Numerical Details 241
Boundary Conditions and the Flow Control 241
Numerical Details 242
Results 243
Discussion 245
References 246
Enhanced Bubble Migration in Turbulent Channel Flow by an Acceleration-Dependent Drag Coefficient 248
Introduction 248
Drag Force in Accelerating Flow 249
Numerical Method 250
Results 251
Conclusions 254
References 254
Experimental and Numerical Study of Unsteadiness in Boundary Layer / ShockWave Interaction 255
Introduction 255
Experimental and Numerical Results 256
A Simple Model for the Wall Pressure Evolution 259
Conclusion 261
References 261
Measurement of Particle Accelerations with the Laser Doppler Technique 262
Introduction 262
Measurement System 263
Signal Processing 263
Fringe Distortions 264
Reference Measurements 265
Test Measurement 267
References 268
A Novel Numerical Method for Turbulent, Two-Phase Flow 270
Introduction 270
The Set of Governing Equations 271
Numerical Method and Results 272
A Priori Analysis of the Interfacial Subgrid Terms 273
References 276
Modeling of High Reynolds Number Flows with Solid Body Rotation or Magnetic Fields 277
The Lagrangian Model 277
Spectral Models for Rotating Flows 279
Conclusion 282
References 283
Direct Numerical Simulation of Buoyancy Driven Turbulence inside a Cubic Cavity 285
Introduction 285
Methodology 286
Governing Equations 286
Numerical Method 288
Results 288
Conclusions 290
References 290
Numerical Simulations of a Massively Separated Reactive Flow Using a DDES Approach for Turbulence Modelling 292
Introduction 292
Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation for Reactive Flow 293
Presentation of the Physical and Numerical Test Case 293
Analysis of the Recirculating Region and of the Mixing Layer 294
Analysis of the Turbulent Flame 296
Conclusions 298
References 298
Particle Dispersion in Large-Eddy Simulations: Influence of Reynolds Number and of Subgrid Velocity Deconvolution 300
Introduction 300
Physical Modeling and Numerical Methodology 301
Reynolds Number Effects on Particle Dispersion 303
Particle Tracking in LES Flow Fields 305
References 306
Use of Lagrangian Statistics for the Direct Analysis of the Turbulent Constitutive Equation 308
Introduction 308
Estimates of the Reynolds Stress by Analogy with the Kinetic Theory of Gases 309
Numerical Simulation 310
Estimation of the Turbulent Mixing Length Scale 311
The Knudsen Number and the Scale Separation Hypothesis 312
A Non Local Turbulence Constitutive Equation 312
Conclusion and Further Studies 314
References 314
Numerical Simulation of Supersonic Jet Noise with Overset Grid Techniques 315
Introduction 315
Numerical Methods 317
Nozzle Geometry with Overset Grid Techniques 318
Interpolation 318
Results 320
Nozzle Geometry (Inlet 2) 320
Velocity Profile (Inlet 1) 322
Conclusion 324
References 324
Large Eddy Simulation of Turbulent Jet Flow in Gas Turbine Combustors 325
Introduction 325
ILES Numerical Methods 326
The Turbulent Mixing Jet Flow 327
Results and Discussion 328
Conclusions 330
References 331
Computations of the Flow around a Wind Turbine: Grid Sensitivity Study and the Influence of Inlet Conditions 332
Introduction 332
Numerical Methods 333
Problem Set-Up 334
Results 334
Inlet Velocity Profile 336
Inlet Turbulence 337
Grid Sensitivity 335
Main Flow Features 335
Boundary Condition Effects 336
Conclusions 338
References 339
Stochastic Synchronization of the Wall Turbulence 340
Introduction 340
Direct Numerical Simulations and Data Reduction 341
Results 342
Conclusion 345
References 346
Large-Eddy Simulations of an Oblique Shock Impinging on a Turbulent Boundary Layer: Effect of the Spanwise Confinement on the Low-Frequency Oscillations 347
Introduction and Previous Work 347
Brief Description of the Simulations 348
Results 349
Conclusion 353
References 353
Parameter-Free Symmetry-Preserving Regularization Modelling of Turbulent Natural Convection Flows 354
Introduction 354
C4-Regularization Modelling 356
On the Dynamic Determination of the Filter Length 357
Results for a Turbulent Differentially Heated Cavity 357
Grid Dependence Analysis 358
Performance at Higher Ra-Numbers 358
Conclusions 359
References 360
An a Priori Study for the Modeling of Subgrid Terms in Multiphase Flows 361
Introduction 361
Governing Equations 362
Numerical Methods 363
Navier-Stokes Solver 363
The Ghost Fluid Method (GFM) for the Jump Conditions at the Interface 363
Filtering Operation 363
Numerical Simulation and a Priori Filtering 364
References 367
Computation of Flow in a 3D Diffuser Using a Two-Velocity Field Hybrid RANS/LES 369
Introduction 369
Modelling 370
3D Diffuser 371
Results 372
Conclusions 374
References 375
On the Dynamics of High Reynolds Number Turbulent Axisymmetric and Plane Separating/Reattaching Flows 376
Introduction 377
Methods and Configuration Set Up 377
Results and Discussion 379
Conclusions 382
References 383
Numerical Simulation and Statistical Modeling of Inertial Droplet Coalescence in Homogeneous Isotropic Turbulence 384
Introduction 384
DNS/DPS Approach 385
Monte-Carlo Approach 386
Fluid-Particle Flow Fields 387
Coalescence in DNS/DPS and Model Comparison 387
Influence of Particle Inertia 387
Comparison with Monte-Carlo Predictions 388
References 390
Gas-Phase Mixing in Droplet Arrays 391
Introduction 391
Computational Approach and Model Validation 392
Results 393
Conclusions 397
References 397
Author Index 398