Free-Convective Heat Transfer (eBook)

Contents 6
1 Basic Statements and Equations of Free Convection 9
1.1 Equations and Uniqueness Conditions 10
1.2 Boussinesq Approximation 12
1.3 Method of Generalized Variables 14
1.4 Dimensional Analysis 17
1.5 Free-Convective Boundary Layer 20
1.6 Integral Methods 26
1.7 Loss of Stability and Transition to Turbulence 31
1.8 Outer and Inner Flow Regions 45
1.9 Experimental Methods in Free Convection 46
1.10 Processing of Experimental and Calculated Data on Heat Transfer 75
1.11 Basic Similarity Criteria and Parameters of Free- Convective Heat Transfer 77
References 84
2 Free Convection on a Plane 88
2.1 Vertical Flat Plate with a Constant Wall Temperature 95
2.2 Constant Heat Flow on a Vertical Plane Surface 101
2.3 Plane Vertical Plate with a Variable Surface Temperature 104
2.4 Plane Vertical Plate with a Variable Heat Flux on a Surface 111
2.5 Free Convection on a Vertical Surface in Stratified Media 121
2.6 Conjugated Problems on Vertical Surface 135
2.7 Discontinuity of Boundary Conditions on the Vertical Surface 146
2.8 Free Convection Near a Vertical Surface in a Variable Field of Mass Forces 170
2.9 Free-Convective Heat Transfer on a Plane Inclined Surface 173
2.10 Horizontal and Almost Horizontal Surfaces 183
2.11 Spatial Flow on a Plane Surface 202
2.12 Compressibility and Variability of Thermophysical Properties 205
2.13 Energy Dissipation and the Work of Compression 211
2.14 Effect of Volumetric Heat Generation on Free Convection 215
2.15 Injection and Suction on a Plane Surface 215
References 219
3 Free Convection on Curved Surfaces 226
3.1 Vertical Cylinder 227
3.2 Horizontal Cylinder 236
3.3 Inclined Cylinder 250
3.4 Cone 254
3.5 Vertical Needle 259
3.6 Cylinder of Arbitrary Cross Section and Prism 259
3.7 Sphere and Spheroid 264
3.8 Curved Surface of Complex Geometry 270
References 281
4 Natural Convection in Enclosures 285
4.1 Spherical and Cylindrical Cavities 285
4.2 Rectangular Cavities and Interlayers 297
4.3 Cylindrical Interlayers 316
4.4 Spherical Interlayers 328
4.5 Cavities of Complex Geometry 330
References 344
5 Free Convection in Tubes and Channels, on Ribbed Surfaces and in Tube Bundles 350
5.1 Rectangular Tube 350
5.2 Cylindrical Channel 364
5.3 Finned Surfaces 369
5.4 Tube Bundles 381
5.5 Panels with Cellular Grids 389
References 393
6 Nonstationary Processes of Free Convection 398
6.1 Main Dependences for Calculation of Unsteady Free Convection 398
6.2 Free Convection in Oscillating Flows 416
References 430
7 Heat Transfer by Mixed Convection 433
7.1 Effect of Radiation on Free-Convective Heat Transfer 433
7.2 Combined Free and Forced Convection 438
References 475
8 Heat Transfer in Media with Special Properties 479
8.1 Water at Extreme Density 479
8.2 Critical and Supercritical State of a Substance 490
8.3 Rarefied Gases and Evacuated Liquids 499
8.4 Convection Induced by Radiation 503
8.5 Biosystems 505
8.6 Solidifying Melt 508
References 516