Complex Sports Biodynamics (eBook)

Preface 5
Contents 7
Acknowledgements 10
Introduction 11
CSB- Physics and Metaphysics 15
2.1 Qualitative CSB and Standard Physical Theory 17
CSB- Structure and Function 20
3.1 Basic Input–Output CSB- System 20
3.2 Example of a ‘Pure CSB- System’: Human Skeletal Muscle 22
3.3 Example of an ‘Applied CSB- System’: Sprint Velocity Curve 29
CSB- Biomechanics: Structure and Function of Human Motion 32
4.1 History 32
4.2 Group Dynamics 34
4.3 Hamiltonian Biomechanics 36
4.4 Muscular Mechanics 39
4.5 Stretch Reflex and Motor Servo 45
4.6 Cerebellar Movement Control 48
4.7 Closing the (Bio)Mechanical Circle 54
4.8 Biomechanical Chain 56
4.9 Estimation of Musculo–Skeletal Parameters 58
4.10 Stochastic Forces 60
CSB- System 63
5.1 Linear CSB 63
5.2 Functional CSB 66
5.3 Nonlinear CSB 68
5.4 CSB- Cognition 70
CSB- Synergetics: Escape from Chaos 76
6.1 Biomechanical Chaos 76
6.2 Basic Principles of Synergetics 77
6.3 Phase Transitions 79
6.4 Order Parameters 81
6.5 Macroscopic Biomechanics 82
6.6 Control of the Biomechanical Chaos 83
CSB- Subsystems: Energy and Information Flows 86
7.1 CSB- Energy Flows 86
7.2 CSB- Information Flows 90
Neuro- CSB: Artificial Neural Networks 94
8.1 Introduction 94
8.2 History 95
8.3 Backpropagation of Error 98
8.4 Hopfield Neural Network 100
8.5 CSB- Neurodynamics: The Cerebellum 104
CSB- Intelligence 111
9.1 Human Mind 111
9.2 Human Intelligence 149
Smart CSB- Agents for Games Modelling 221
10.1 CSB- Agents 221
10.2 Types of CSB- Agents 223
10.3 CSB- Agents’ Environments 227
10.4 CSB- Agents’ Reasoning and Learning 230
Psycho- CSB: Mental Concentration in Sport 235
11.1 Introduction 235
11.2 Concentration in Sport: Experiences of Top Athletes 237
11.3 Concentration Exercises for Training and Competition 238
11.4 Inspiration and Enthusiasm, Discipline and Progress 238
Tennis Champion of the Future 241
12.1 Introduction 241
12.2 Contemporary Tennis Science 243
12.3 Tennis Science of the Future 272
12.4 A Fuzzy–Logic Tennis Simulator 299
References 304
Index 323