Dynamics of the Mammalian Sperm Head (eBook)

List of Contents 6
Dynamics of the Mammalian Sperm Head: Modifications and Maturation Events from Spermatogenesis to Egg Activation 11
Summary 11
Abbreviations Used in the Figure Legends 12
Chapter 1 Introduction 14
Chapter 2 Mammalian Sperm Head 19
2.1 Structures, Domains, and Related Functions 19
2.2 Cytoplasmic Layers 20
2.3 Membrane System 22
Chapter 3 Sperm-Head Formation and Factors Affecting It 25
3.1 Cellular Interactions 26
3.2 IgSF Proteins 31
Chapter 4 Post-testicular Modifications and Maturation Events Occurring in the Sperm Head 34
4.1 In the Epididymis 34
4.2 In the Female Reproductive Tract 36
Chapter 5 Dynamics of the Acrosome 37
5.1 Acrosome Biogenesis During Spermatogenesis 37
5.2 Pathways for the Transport of Acrosomal Molecules 40
5.3 Microenvironment of the Acrosome 42
5.4 Post-testicular Modifications and Maturation Events 42
5.5 Acrosomal Enzymes and Other Molecules 44
5.6 Failure of Acrosome Biogenesis 45
Chapter 6 Dynamics of the Perinuclear Theca 48
6.1 Biogenesis During Spermatogenesis 48
6.2 Functions of Perinuclear Theca-Associating Molecules 49
Chapter 7 Dynamics of the Sperm Nucleus 50
7.1 Formation and Maturation of the Nucleus 50
7.2 Abnormal Nucleus Formation in Gene-KO Mice 53
7.3 DNA Fragmentation 54
Chapter 8 Dynamics of the Membrane System 57
8.1 Modifications in Sperm Plasma-Membrane Proteins 57
8.2 Zona Pellucida Binding and the Acrosome Reaction 59
8.3 Primary Binding of Sperm to the Zona Pellucida 60
8.4 The Acrosome Reaction 60
8.5 Rapid and Slow Release of Acrosomal Molecules 64
8.6 Secondary Binding to the Zona Pellucida and the Candidate Molecules Involved 66
8.7 Priming for Gamete Membrane Fusion and the Candidate Molecules Involved 70
8.8 Gamete Membrane Fusion 72
Chapter 9 Dynamics of Egg (Oocyte) Activation 75
9.1 Sperm (Cytoplasmic) Factor and Candidate Molecules Involved in Egg Activation 75
9.2 Sperm Receptor 78
9.3 After Egg Activation 79
Chapter 10 Status of Sperm-Head Components During Normal Fertilization, IVF, ICSI, and Round Spermatid Injection 80
Chapter 11 Conclusion 82
References 84
Index 98