Practical Capillary Electrophoresis

Introduction. Electrophoresis. Micro-Chromatographic Separation Methods. Capillary Electrophoresis. Capillary Electrochromatography. Micromachined Electrophoretic Devices. Historical Perspective. Generic HPCE Systems. Instrumentation. Sources of information on HPCE. Capillary Electrophoresis-A Family of Techniques. Capillary Zone Electrophoresis-Basic Concepts. Electrical Conduction in Fluid Solution. The Language of Electrophoresis. Electroendoosmosis. Efficiency. Resolution. Joule Heating. Optimizing the Voltage and Temperature. Capillary Diameter and Buffer Ionic Strength. Optimizing the Capillary Length. Buffers. Temperature Effects. Buffer Additives. Capillaries. Sources of Bandbroadening. Capillary Zone Electrophoresis-Methods Development. Introduction. Mobility. Solute-Wall Interactions. Separation Strategies. Secondary Equilibrium. Applications and Techniques. Capillary Zone Electrophoresis-Secondary Equilibrium-Micelles, Cyclodextrins, and Related Reagents. Introduction. Micelles. Separation Mechanism. Selecting the Electrolyte System. Elution Range of MECC. Alternative Surfactant Systems. Cyclodextrins. Applications and Methods Development. Chiral Recognition. Capillary Isoelectric Focusing Basic Concepts. Separation Mechanism. pH Gradient Formation. Electrode Buffer Solutions. Resolving Power. Capillaries and Reagents. Performing a Run. Injection. Focusing. Mobilization. Salt Effects. Detection. Applicants. Size Separations in Capillary Gels and Polymer Networks. Introduction. Separation Mechanism. Materials for Size Separations. Size Separations with Non-Replaceable Polyacrylamide. Size Separations with Replaceable Agarose. Introduction to Polymer Networks. Operating Characteristics of Polymer Networks. Additional Materials for Polymer Networks. Applications and Methods Development. Reducing the Problem of Biased-Reptation. Capillary Electrochromatography. Introduction. Modes of CEC. Electroosmotic Flow in CEC. Efficiency of CEC. Operating Characteristics of Packed CEC. Applications. CEC Microfluidic Devices. Injection. Volumetric Constraints on Injection Size. Performing an Injection and Run. Injection Techniques. "Short-End" Injection. Injection Artifacts, Problems and Solutions. Stacking and Trace Enrichment. Detection. On-Capillary Detection. The Detection Problem. Limits of Detection. Detection Techniques. Bandbroadening. Absorption Detection. Fluorescence Detection. Derivatization. Mass Spectrometry. Micropreparative Fraction Collection. Putting it All Together. Selecting the Mode of HPCE. Requirements for Robust Separations. Realistic Compromises. Quantitative Analysis. Sample Preparation. Mobility as Qualitative Tool. Validation. Troubleshooting.