Origin of the Earth and Moon

I Composition and Constitution of the Earth.- 1 The Mantle-Crust System.- 1.1 Principal Subdivisions of the Earth's Interior.- 1.2 The Crust.- 1.3 The Upper Mantle.- 1.4 The Transition Zone.- 1.5 The Lower Mantle.- 2 Geochemistry of the Mantle.- 2.1 Chemical Homogeneity versus Heterogeneity.- 2.2 Abundance Patterns of Compatible Elements and Their Significance.- 2.3 Major Elements and Involatile Lithophile Elements in Pyrolite as Compared to Their Primordial Abundances.- 2.4 Abunance Patterns of Volatile and Siderophile Elements.- 3 Composition and Formation of the Core.- 3.1 The Role of Metallic Iron.- 3.2 Light Elements in the Outer Core.- 3.3 Iron Oxide as a Major Component of the Outer Core.- 3.4 Formation of the Core.- 4 Boundary Conditions for the Origin of the Earth.- II Origin of the Earth.- 5 Protostars, Disks, and Planets.- 5.1 Cosmogonic Background.- 5.2 Development of Protostars.- 5.3 The Formation of Disks.- 5.4 The Outer Planets and Their Regular Satellite Systems.- 5.5 Angular Momentum Relationships within the Solar System.- 5.6 Possible Relevance for Lunar Origin.- 6 Aspects of Planet Formation in the Primordial Solar Nebula.- 6.1 Mass of the Nebula.- 6.2 Accretion of the Planets.- 6.3 Temperature Regime and the Compositions of Planetesimals.- 6.4 Gas-Solid Equilibria in the Nebula.- 6.5 Chemical Fractionations among the Terrestrial Planets.- 7 Early Theories of Accretion of the Earth.- 7.1 Homogeneous Accretion.- 7.2 Single-Stage Hypothesis.- 7.3 The Heterogeneous Accretion Hypothesis.- 8 Homogeneous Accretion Revisited.- 8.1 Some General Considerations.- 8.2 Accretion of the Earth.- 8.3 Formation of the Core.- 8.4 Siderophile Elements and Oxidation State within the Mantle.- 8.5 Atmosphere and Hydrosphere.- 8.6 Conclusion.- III The Moon and Planets.- 9 The Terrestrial Planets.- 9.1 Introduction.- 9.2 Mars.- 9.3 Venus.- 9.4 Mercury.- 9.5 Asteroids and Meteorites.- 9.6 Cosmogonic Models Based on Chondrites.- 10 Constitution and Composition of the Moon.- 10.1 Internal Structure.- 10.2 The Lunar Crust-Upper Mantle System.- 10.3 Mare Basalts and the Lower Mantle.- 10.4 Further Limits on the Composition of the Lunar Interior.- 10.5 Lunar Thermal Regime.- 11 Geochemistry of the Moon.- 11.1 Introduction.- 11.2 Siderophile Elements in Lunar-Mare and Terrestrial Basalts.- 11.3 Tungsten and Phosphorus.- 11.4 Eucritic Parent Body.- 11.5 Indigenous Siderophile Component of the Lunar Highlands.- 11.6 Geochemical Constraints on the Existence of a Lunar Core.- 11.7 Volatile Elements in Mare Basalts and Their Source Regions.- 11.8 Volatile Elements in the Lunar Highlands.- 12 Towards a Theory of Lunar Origin.- 12.1 Introduction.- 12.2 The Pre-Apollo Scene.- 12.3 New Variations on Old Themes.- 12.4 The Post-Apollo Scene : Geochemical Testimony.- 12.5 Conclusion.- References.