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Physics of Hot Plasmas
Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers (Verlag)
978-0-306-30479-8 (ISBN)
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1. Introduction to Kinetic Theory of Plasma.- 1. Introduction.- 1.1. Object.- 1.2. Levels of description.- 1.3. The B.B.G.K.Y. (Bogoliubov, Born, Green, Kirkwood, Yvon) hierarchy.- 1.4. The Boltzmann equation.- 2. Application of the Boltzmann Equation to Plasmas.- 3. Transport Coefficients for Simple Gases.- 3.1. Simple kinetic theory.- 3.2. Normal solution.- 4. The Relaxation Approximation.- 5. The Lorentz Gas (I).- 6. The Lorentz Gas (II).- 7. The Kinetic Equation for the Plasma.- 8. Some Properties of the Kinetic Equation.- 8.1. The drag coefficient.- 9. The Electron Correlation Function and Radiation Scatter.- 2. Advanced Kinetic Theory.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Balescu-Guernsey-Lenard Equation and its Properties.- 3. Klimontovich Equations of Plasma.- 4. Solution of the Linear Equations and Conventional Kinetic Theory.- 5. Justification of an Expansion of the Non-Linear Equations.- 6. Wave Kinetic Equation to Lowest Order.- 7. Particle Kinetic Equation.- 8. Non-Linear Modifications.- 8.1. Corrections due to the time dependence of the Vlasov operator.- 8.2. A diagrammatic systematization of the iteration.- 8.3. General form of wave kinetic equation.- 8.4. Description of the non-linear mechanisms of absorption.- 8.5. Description of the non-linear mechanisms of emission.- 8.6. Synchronization of the rate of emission by Cerenkov radiation.- 8.7. Effects of mode-coupling on the evolution of the one-particle distributions.- 9. Formulation of the Problem of a Test Particle in a Magnetic Field.- 9.1. The explicit form of the diffusion tensor.- 9.2. The drag force.- 9.3. The coefficient of spatial diffusion across a uniform magnetic field.- 10. Conclusions.- 3. Plasma Waves and Oscillations.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Magnetohydrodynamic Waves.- 2.1. Ideal magnetohydrodynamics.- 2.2. Wave propagation in a medium with varying properties.- 2.3. Effect of transport processes on magnetohydrodynamic waves.- 2.4. Magnetohydrodynamic waves in a bounded medium.- 2.5. Large amplitude magnetohydrodynamic waves.- 3. Oscillations of a Two-Fluid Plasma.- 3.1. Basic equations.- 3.2. Wave propagation in a uniform medium.- 4. Oscillations of a Cold Plasma.- 4.1. Introduction.- 4.2. Wave propagation-special cases.- 4.3. Transition to a hot plasma.- 5. Oscillations of a Hot Plasma.- 5.1. Introduction.- 5.2. Oscillations in the absence of an external magnetic field.- 5.3. Oscillations in an external magnetic field.- 5.4. Anisotropic hydromagnetic waves.- 4. Plasma Instabilities.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Macroscopic Instabilities.- 2.1. The hydromagnetic equations.- 2.2. Kink and sausage instabilities of the pinch.- 2.3. The Kelvin-Helmholtz instability.- 2.4. The Rayleigh-Taylor instability.- 2.5. Flute instabilities.- 2.6. The interchange stability criterion in fields with closed lines of B.- 3. Microinstabilities.- 3.1. Dispersion relation for a homogeneous plasma in a uniform magnetic field.- 3.2. Instabilities with k parallel to B0.- 3.3. Quasi-electrostatic instabilities.- 3.4. Gradient-driven instabilities.- 4. Non-Linear Effects.- 4.1. Quantum theory of electrostatic waves and their interaction with particles.- 4.2. Quasi-Linear theory.- 5. Finite Plasma Effects.- 5. Computational Problems in Plasma Physics and Controlled Thermonuclear Research.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Numerical Studies of Pinch Experiments.- 2.1. Infinite conductivity calculations.- 2.2. One-dimensional, fully ionized model.- 2.3. Difference methods.- 2.4. One-dimensional, partially ionized model.- 2.5. Two-dimensional, fully ionized model.- 3. Resistive Instability Calculations.- 3.1. Basic equations and assumptions.- 3.2. First-order equations.- 3.3. Sheet pinch model.- 3.4. Difference equations for the sheet pinch.- 3.5. Cylindrical model.- 4. Computation of Finite-Beta Equilibria.- 4.1. Basic method.- 4.2. Open ended, minimum-B systems.- 4.3. Toroidal equilibria with scalar pressure.- 4.4. Toroidal equilibria with anisotropic pressure.- 4.5. Helical equilibria with anisotropic pressure.- 4.6. Method of solution of the difference equations.- 5. Numerical Solution of the Fokker-Planck Equations for a Plasma.- 5.1. Time-dependent, two-species, isotropic velocity distributions.- 5.2. Energy and angular dependent ion distribution, Maxwellian electrons.- 6. Numerical Solution of the Vlasov Equation.- 6.1. One-dimensional models.- 6.2. Two-dimensional models.- 6. Turbulence.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Stochastic Acceleration.- 3. Weak Turbulence.- 4. The Experimental Situation.- 5. Conclusion.- 7. Collisionless Shocks.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Shock Formation.- 2.1. Continuum flow.- 2.2. Shock-formation and steepening.- 3. Laminar Shocks.- 3.1. Low ? shocks propagating perpendicular to B.- 3.2. Low ? oblique shocks.- 3.3. High ? perpendicular shocks.- 4. Turbulent Shocks.- 4.1. High Mach number shocks.- 4.2. Turbulent high ? parallel shocks.- 8. Collisionless Shock Waves.- I: A General Review.- 1. Relevance of Shock Studies.- 1.1. Occurrence of shocks.- 1.2. Theoretical significance.- 2. Nature of the Shock Transition.- 2.1. Gas-dynamic shock.- 2.2. Collisions in a plasma.- 2.3. Plasma shock.- 3. MHD Classification of Shocks.- 4. MHD Shock Structures.- 5. Critical Mach Number for Resistive Shocks.- 6. Non-Fluid Models.- 6.1. Vlasov treatment.- 6.2. Wave kinetics.- 7. Parameters for the Classification of Shocks.- 7.1. State of the initial plasma.- 7.2. Initial plasma parameters.- 7.3. Piston and compression.- 7.4. Shock conditions.- 8. Review of Main Experiments and Results.- 8.1. Perpendicular shocks with low ?l, and MAMA.- 8.3. Perpendicular high ? shocks.- 8.4. Oblique low ? shocks.- 8.5. Shocks without magnetic field.- II. The Tarantula Experiment.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Initial Plasma.- 2.1. Axial discharge.- 2.2. Experimental methods.- 2.3. Results.- 3. Dynamics of Compression.- 3.1. Pinch device.- 3.2. Magnetic field measurements of piston and shock.- 3.3. Comparison with MHD computation.- 4. Macro-Structure of Shock.- 5. Shock Heating.- 5.1. Thomson scattering of laser light.- 5.2. Measured electron temperatures and comparison with computations.- 6. Collisionless Shock.- 6.1. Inadequacy of classical transport coefficients.- 6.2. Collisionless mechanism for low MA.- 7. Micro-Structure of Shock from Forward Scattering.- 7.1. Description.- 7.2. Results.- 7.3. Local enhancement.- 7.4. Inferred effective collision frequency.- 9. Laser Produced Plasmas.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Gas Breakdown.- 3. Properties of Laser produced Plasmas in Gases.- 4. Laser produced Plasmas using Solid Targets and Single Particles.- 10. The Production and Containment of High Density Plasmas.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Theta-Pinch.- 3. Shock Heating and Joule Heating.- 4. Radiation and Conduction Losses.- 5. Plasma Focus.- 6. Containment Problems.- 7. Axial Losses.- 8. Consequences for Thermonuclear Systems.- 9. Toroidal Systems.- 11. Light Scattering Experiments.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Scattering from a Free Electron Gas.- 2.1. Thomson scattering.- 2.2. Effect of the motion of the electrons.- 3. Scattering from a Plasma.- 3.1. Phenomenological description.- 3.2. Salpeter theory for scattering from a thermal plasma.- 3.3. Effect of a magnetic field.- 3.4. Collisions.- 3.5. Drifts.- 4. Experimental Considerations.- 4.1. Light source.- 4.2. Scattered flux.- 4.3. Plasma radiation.- 4.4. Time resolution.- 4.5. Choice of scattering angle.- 4.6. Temperature range and wavelength resolution.- 4.7. Rayleigh scattering.- 4.8. Perturbation of the plasma.- 5. Experimental Results.- 6. Technique.- 6.1. Ruby laser.- 6.2. Stray light.- 6.3. Forward angle scattering detection system.- 6.4. 90 scattering detection system.- 6.5. Intensity calibration.- 12. Plasma Diagnostics Based on Refractivity.- 1. Refractivity of Plasma.- 1.1. Propagation in the absence of a static magnetic field.- 1.2. Propagation in the presence of a static magnetic field Bz:.- 1.3. Propagation in partially ionized plasma.- 2. Review of Methods and Techniques in Refractivity Diagnosis.- 3. Some Limitations to these Methods.- 4. Interferometric Measurements.- 5. Laser Interferometry.- 6. The Schlieren Method.- 7. The Shadowgraph.- 8. Application of Holography in Optical Plasma Diagnostics.- 8.1. Holographic interferometry.- 8.2. Fourier-transform spectroscopy with stationary interferometers.- 8.3. The statistical approach.
Erscheint lt. Verlag | 31.12.1995 |
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Zusatzinfo | biography |
Sprache | englisch |
Themenwelt | Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie ► Physikalische Chemie |
Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Atom- / Kern- / Molekularphysik | |
ISBN-10 | 0-306-30479-1 / 0306304791 |
ISBN-13 | 978-0-306-30479-8 / 9780306304798 |
Zustand | Neuware |
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