Artificial Enzymes

Ronald Breslow is Professor of Chemistry at Columbia University. In addition to his work on Artificial Enzymes and Biomimetic Chemistry (there is now an annual ACS Ronald Breslow Award in Biomimetic Chemistry), he has created novel aromatic and antiaromatic molecules, and a new approach to cancer therapy that is in advanced clinical trials. His numerous awards include the U. S. National Medal of Science. He is a member of the U.S. National Academy of Science, and an honorary member of the Royal Society (Britain), the Royal Society of Chemistry, the Chemical Societies of Japan and Korea, and the Indian Academy of Science.

Preface.List of Authors.1 Artificial Enzymes (Ronald Breslow).1.1 Mimics of Enzymes that use Thiamine Pyrophosphate as a Coenzyme.1.2 Mimics of Enzymes that use Pyridoxamine and Pyridoxal Phosphates as Coenzymes.1.3 Artificial Hydrolytic Enzymes.1.4 Cytochrome P-450 Mimics.1.5 Future Prospects.2 Vitamin B6 Enzyme Models (Lei Liu and Ronald Breslow).2.1 Introduction.2.2 Transamination.2.3 Racemization.2.4 Decarboxylation.2.6 Aldolase-type Reactions.3 Evolution of Synthetic Polymers with Enzyme-like Catalytic Activities (Irving M. Klotz and Junghun Suh).3.1 Introduction: Conceptual Background.3.2 Homogeneous Polymer Biocatalysts.3.3 Heterogeneous Polymer Biocatalysts.3.4 Prospectives.4 Mimicking Enzymes with Antibodies (Donald Hilvert).4.1 Introduction.4.2 Basic Strategy.4.3 Evolution of Binding Affinity and Catalytic Efficiency.4.4 Importance of a Good Fit.4.5 General Acid-General Base Catalysis.4.6 Covalent Catalysis.4.7 Practical Applications.4.8 Future Directions.4.9 Outlook.5 Protein-based Artificial Enzymes (Ben Duckworth and Mark D. Distefano).5.1 Introduction.5.2 Artificial Nucleases Based on DNA and RNA Binding Proteins.5.3 Catalysts Based on Hollow Lipid-binding Proteins.5.4 Myoglobin as a Starting Point for Oxidase Design.5.5 Antibodies as Scaffolds for Catalyst Design.5.6 Conclusions.6 Artificial Hydrolytic Metalloenzymes (Jik Chin and Hae-Jo Kim).6.1 Introduction.6.2 Reactivity of Substrates.6.3 Lewis Acid Activation.6.4 Nucleophile Activation.6.5 Leaving-group Activation.6.6 Combining Lewis Acid Activation and Nucleophile Activation.6.7 Double Lewis Acid Activation.6.8 Phosphatase Models.6.9 Phosphodiesterase Models.6.10 Polymerases and DNases.6.11 Conclusion.7 Artificial Restriction Enzymes As Tools For Future Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Yoji Yamamoto and Makoto Komiyama).7.1 Introduction.7.2 Significance of Artificial Restriction Enzymes.7.3 Non-enzymatic Catalysts for DNA Hydrolysis.7.4 Molecular Design of Artificial Restriction Enzymes (Covalent vs. Non-Covalent Strategy).7.5 Site-selective Scission of Single-stranded DNA.7.6 Site-selective Scission of Double-stranded DNA by Combining Ce(IV)/EDTA Complex with Pseudo-complementary PNA.7.7 Conclusion.Index.