Enzyme Catalysis in Organic Synthesis

Karlheiz Drauz is Vice President International Scientific Relations of Evonik. He evaluates interesting topics in research and development and networks globally with academic and industrial institutions. He did his Ph.D. at the Technical University Stuttgart, Germany, and started his career at Degussa 1980 in various positions in research and development. Amoungst his research interests are amino acids, peptides, biological active compounds, asymmetric synthesis, metal and biocatalysis as well as process chemistry. He holds about 160 patents, about 100 scientific publications. Since 1992 he is honorary professor for organic chemistry at the University Würzburg, Germany. Harald Gröger is since 2006 Professor for organic chemistry at the University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany. He studied chemistry at the Universities of Erlangen-Nürnberg and Oldenburg, before he did his postdoc with Masakatsu Shibasaki at the University of Tokyo. He worked from 1998 to 2006 in industry, e.g. as senior project manager for White Biotechnology of Degussa. He received several awards, like the Degussa innovation prize for new products (2003) and for new and optimized processes (2005), the Thieme award in 2007 and the German business sectors innovation prize (2004). His research interests are enzyme catalyzed organic synthesis, design and use of biomimetic chemocatalysts as well as sustainable chemistry. Oliver May is Competence Manager Biocatalysis and responsible for coordinating biocatalysis related activities of DSM Pharmaceutical Products. Before joining DSM in April 2006, he was with Degussa (now Evonik) in various functions; latest as General Manager of Degussa's Service Center Biocatalysis. He was educated in Germany, receiving a PhD degree in Technical Biology from the University of Stuttgart where he worked at the Institute of Biochemical Engineering for Prof. C. Syldatk and at the German Center for Biotechnology in Braunschweig with Prof. D. Schomburg. He joined Caltech as a postdoc in 1998 where he worked until 2000 in the group of Prof. F.H. Arnold on directed evolution of enzymes. Oliver May has authored more than 30 scientific contributions in Journals and Books and more than 15 patent applications. He his team was awarded several innovation awards on hydantoinase technology, whole-cell processes and the latest on recombinant pig liver esterase in its application for production of a pharma intermediate.

VOLUME 1


PART I PRINCIPLES OF ENZYME CATALYSIS

Introduction - Principles and Historical Landmarks of Enzyme Catalysis in Organic Synthesis
Concepts in Biocatalysis
Discovery of Enzymes
Rational Design of Enzymes
Directed Evolution of Enzymes
Production and Isolation of Enzymes
Reaction and Process Engineering

PART II HYDROLYSIS AND FORMATION OF C-O BONDS

Hydrolysis and Formation of Carboxylic Acid Esters
Hydrolysis and Formation of Epoxides
Hydrolysis and Formation of Glycosidic Bonds
Addition of Water to C¼C Bonds and its Elimination
Industrial Application and Processes Forming C-O Bonds


VOLUME 2

PART III HYDROLYSIS AND FORMATION OF C-N BONDS


Hydrolysis of Nitriles to Amides
Hydrolysis of Nitriles to Carboxylic Acids
Hydrolysis of Amides
Hydrolysis and Formation of Hydantoins
Hydrolysis and Synthesis of Peptides
C-N Lyases Catalyzing Addition of Ammonia, Amines, and Amides to C¼C and C¼O Bonds
Application of Transaminases
Industrial Applications and Processes Using Enzymes Acting on C-N Bonds

PART IV FORMATION AND CLEAVAGE OF C-C BONDS

Aldol Reactions
Acyloin and Benzoin Condensations
Cleavage and Formation of Cyanohydrins
Industrial Application and Processes Using Carbon-Carbon Lyases

PART V HYDROLYSIS AND FORMATION OF P-O BONDS

Hydrolysis and formation of P-O Bonds

PART VI REDUCTIONS

Reduction of Ketones and Aldehydes to Alcohols
Reduction of C¼C Double Bonds
Reductive Amination of Keto Acids
Industrial Application of Oxidoreductase catalyzed Reduction of Ketones and Aldehydes

VOLUME 3
PART VII OXIDATIONS

Oxyfunctionalization of C-H Bonds
Oxyfunctionalization of C-C Multiple Bonds
Oxidation of Alcohols, Aldehydes, and Acids
Baeyer-Villiger Oxidations
Aromatic Oxidations
Oxidation of C-N Bonds
Oxidation at Sulfur and Oxidation of Amino Groups
Halogenation
Industrial Application and Processes Using Biocatalysts for Oxidation Reactions

PART VIII ISOMERIZATIONS

Isomerizations
Industrial Application and Processes Using Isomerases

PART IX EXTENDED APPLICATIONS OF ENZYME CATALYSIS

Enzymatic Catalytic Promiscuity and the Design of New Enzyme Catalyzed Reactions
Catalytic Antibodies
Chemoenzymatic Dynamic Kinetic Resolution and Related Dynamic Asymmetric Transformations
Biocatalysis in Material Science
Industrial Applications of Enzymes in Emerging Areas
PART X TABULAR SURVEY OF AVAILABLE ENZYMES

Tabular Survey of Available Enzymes

"The editors are to be congratulated on the high standard of presentation in the 45 chapters - the whole work is a masterpiece! Almost 2000 pages of very enjoyable reading. I hope that the editors are already planning a 4 th edition in the next 10 years." ( Organic Process Research & Development Journal , 1 April 2013)