Environmental and Space Electromagnetics

1 Introduction.- 2 Spacecraft EM Environment.- 2.1 The Shuttle Electrodynamic Tether Mission.- 2.2 High Frequency Wave Generation by Electron Beam Injection in Space.- 2.3 Space Tether Experiment.- 2.4 High Voltage Technology in Space.- 3 Natural and Triggered Lightning.- 3.1 Lightning Observations in Finland and Theoretical Calculation of the Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse.- 3.2 A Possible Mechanism for Generation of Linear Lightning Flashes.- 3.3 The Characteristics of Winter Lightning Strokes Observed with Video Camera Systems.- 3.4 Anomalous Features of Electromagnetic Pulses Caused by Lightning Return Strokes During Winter Thunderstorms in Japan.- 3.5 VHF/UHF Radiation from Positive and Negative Lightning.- 3.6 Artificially Triggered Lightning Experiments for Winter Thunderclouds.- 3.7 Boundary Layer Model and Calculation for Horizontal Thundercloud Electrification Preceding Natural and Rocket-Triggered Lightning.- 4 Atmospherics, Whistlers, and Emissions.- 4.1 Sferics.- 4.2 Polar VLF Emissions Observed by ISIS Satellites.- 4.3 Direction Finding of Magnetospheric VLF/ELF Emissions and Their Generation Mechanism.- 4.4 Direction Finding of Very-Low-Latitude Whistlers and Their Propagation.- 4.5 Frequency Dependence of Ionospheric Exit Points and Polarization of Daytime Whistlers at Low-Latitude.- 4.6 Waveform Analysis of Whistlers.- 5 Natural VLF/ELF Radio Noise.- 5.1 Global Measurements of Low-Frequency Radio Noise.- 5.2 Measurements of ELF/VLF Radio Noise in Japan.- 5.3 Characteristics of LF Whistler-Mode Waves Observed in Conjugate Area at Low Latitudes.- 5.4 Ray Focussing of Whistler-Mode Waves in a Magnetoplasma.- 5.5 Dispersion Characteristics and Waveform Analysis of Tweek Atmospherics.- 6 Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial Noise Environment.- 6.1 Natural Noise Above 50 MHz from Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial Sources.- 6.2 Amplification and Propagation of Geomagnetic Pulsations Pc 1 in the Plasmapause Region.- 6.3 On the Experimental Results of Hiss-Triggered Chorus Observed Onboard GEOS-1 Satellite in the Outer Magnetosphere.- 6.4 Geomagnetic Induction in the Finnish 400 KV Power System.- 6.5 Electromagnetic Field Caused by an Auroral Electro jet Current System Model.- 6.6 On the Estimation of the Ionospheric Exit Regions of Magnetospheric VLF Radio Waves by the Use of Wave Energy Distribution in Wave Number Space.- 6.7 Radio Sky Mapping from Satellites at Very Low Frequencies.- 7 Planetary Lightning and Cosmic Plasma Noise.- 7.1 Voyager-Neptune Encounter.- 7.2 Venus Plasma Noise: An Important Interdisciplinary Issue?.- 7.3 Selfgravitational Space Plasma.- 7.4 Microwave Observations of the Sun During the 22nd Solar Activity Cycle-17 GHz Radio Heliograph.- 7.5 X-Ray Astronomy Satellite Ginga and Observations.- 8 Man-Made Noise Environment and EMC.- 8.1 Man-Made Noise Sources and Environments Interference.- 8.2 Electromagnetic Ecology and Waves in Nonlinear Electromagnetics.- 8.3 Determination of the Mutual Inductance Between Parallel Lines by Making Use of Struve's Function.- 9 Noise and Communication Statistics.- 9.1 From Radio Interference to Electromagnetic Compatibility-Classification of the Electromagnetic Environment.- 9.2 Generation Mechanism of R.F. Noises on Power Lines.- 9.3 A Rejection Method for Interference Waves Caused by Sporadic-E Ionospheric Propagation.- 9.4 The Multimode Measurements of EMC-Parameters and Statistical Theory of Multimode Systems.- 10 Space Communication and Measurement.- 10.1 Satellite Communications of the Future and Their EMC Problems.- 10.2 Efficient Use of the Geostationary Satellite Orbit: Allotment Planning and Its Practical Use.- 10.3 Development of AROW System for Measurement of Atmospheric Parameters Using Audio, Radio, and Optical Waves.- 11 High Power Electromagnetics.- 11.1 A Magnetic Field Shielding Practice Against the Heavy Lightning Electromagnetics.- 11.2 Simulation of Electromagnetic Aspects of Lightning.- 11.3 Some Features of Waveguide/Horn Design.- 11.4 Energy Norms and 2-Norms.- 12 Seismoelectric Emissions.- 12.1 On Seismoelectromagnetic Phenomena.- 12.2 Radio Emissions from Rock, Iron, and Wood and an Example of Radio Noises Associated with Earthquake.- 12.3 Radio Emission from Earthquakes.- 13 Ball Lightning.- 13.1 State Equation and Phase Diagram for Fractal Growth in Ball Lightning.- 13.2 Correlative Relationship Between the Intensity of Radiation for Ball Lightning and Its Typical Linear Dimension.- 13.3 Experimental Research on Ball Lightning.- 14 Meteorologico-Electric Phenomena and EHD.- 14.1 Meteorologico-Electric Phenomena and Electrohydrodynamics (EHD) or Electromagnetohydrodynamics (EMHD).- 14.2 Discovery of a New Electromagnetic Phenomenon in the Atmosphere: An Electrified Vortex and Its Physical Properties as Revealed by Patterned Ground Traces and Radio-Frequency, Electromagnetic, Acoustic, and Luminous Effects.- 14.3 Electromagnetohydrodynamic Vortices and Corn Circles.- 15 Assembled Abstracts.- 15.1 Research at the European Space Agency on Spacecraft/Plasma Interaction and Their Electromagnetic Effects.- 15.2 The Formation of Lightning Upward Discharges.- 15.3 The Ability of Using Lightning Flash Detector Data for Geophysical Research-A Study Initiated by the ESA Meteosat Program for the Second Generation Meteorological Satellites Instrumentation.- 15.4 Detection and Location of Intracloud Lightning Discharges.- 15.5 On Triggered Lightnings from Multiple Points.- 15.6 Small-Scale Variations of ELF and VLF Magnetic and Electric Field Components in Subauroral Zone.- 15.7 Electromagnetic Wave Environment in the Magnetosphere Observed by Akebono Satellite-Preliminary Results.- 15.8 Schumann Resonances in Middle Latitudes of Asia.- 15.9 Type II Interplanetary Radio Bursts.- 15.10 New Results for Lightning Activity on Venus and Jupiter, and Predictions of Lightning Activity on Neptune.- 15.11 High Power Electromagnetics-A. EMP Hardening.- 15.12 High Power Electromagnetics-B. Lightning Electromagnetics.- 15.13 Results of the Scope-Enuwar Project, Which Involved URSI.- 15.14 Magnetic Coupling of Precursors at Volcano Eruption.- 15.15 Ball Lightning Properties.