Diet, Nutrients, and Bone Health

John J.B. Anderson, Sanford C. Garner, Philip J. Klemmer

Introductory Background. Role of Diet, General, esp. Protein and Energy, and Phytochemicals. Role of Lifestyle Factors. Role of Exercise and Skeletal Loading. Bone as a Tissue and Organ. Bone Regulatory Mechanisms and Hormone Actions. Bone and Renal Function. Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Recruitment. Effects of Specific Nutrieuts on Bone. Calcium. Phosphorus. Vitamin D. Vitamin A. Vitamin K. Iron. Other Micronutrients (Mg, Zinc, Fluoride, Boron, vitamin C, and B vitamins). Protein. Omega-3 Fatty Acids. Potassium and Acid-Base Balance-Sue Lanham. Antioxidants and Bone. Effects of Life Cycle Changes on Bone. Pregnancy and Lactation. Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence. Diet, Lean Body Composition, and Bone. Exercise and Skeletal Growth. Intake of Calcium and Other Nutrients and Peak Bone Mass. Calcium, Other Nutrients, Exercise, and Bone Health in Twins. Nutrition and Bone in Young Adults. Calcium and Vitamin D in Older Adults. Race, Ethnicity, and Bone. African Americans. Japanese. Chinese. Osteopenia and Osteoporosis. Prevention of Bone Loss with Diet and Drug Therapy. Prevention of Bone Loss with Exercise. Late-Life Arterial Calcification. Epidemiology of Osteoporosis. Conclusion. Nutrition and Bone Health: Nutrients from Foods and Supplements. Appendices. Index.