Manual of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery

1 Introduction.- References.- 2 Anatomy and Physiology of the Colon and Rectum.- Anatomy of the Colon and Rectum.- Physiology of the Colorectum.- Extent of Resection for Cancer.- References.- 3 General Principles of Surgery of the Colorectum.- Symptoms and Diagnosis of Colonic Disease.- Endoscopy Techniques.- Preoperative Preparation and Anesthesia.- Antibiotic Therapy.- Anastomotic Techniques.- Incisions and Suture Material.- References.- 4 Congenital Lesions.- Errors of Rotation.- Paraduodenal Hernias.- Hirschsprung’s Disease.- References.- 5 Polypoid Lesions of the Colon.- Colotomy and Polypectomy.- Primary Resection and Anastomosis of the Colon or Rectum.- Subtotal Colectomy.- Surgery for Familial Polyposis.- Endoscopic Removal of Colorectal Polyps.- References.- 6 Cancer of the Colon.- Right Colectomy.- Transverse Colectomy.- Left Colectomy.- Sigmoid Colectomy.- Subtotal Colectomy.- No-Touch Technique.- Mikulicz Procedure.- Hartmann Procedure.- Palliative Operations.- Classification and Prognosis of Carcinomas of the Colorectum.- References.- 7 Polypoid Lesions of the Rectum.- Excision Through the Dilated Anal Canal.- Excision Through Divided Anal Sphincters.- Posterior Proctotomy.- Excision Through the Sigmoidoscope with the Snare.- Other Procedures.- References.- 8 Cancer of the Rectum and Anus.- Combined Abdominoperineal Resection.- Perianal Cancers.- Pelvic Exenteration.- Local Excision.- Palliative Operations.- References.- 9 Sphincter-Saving Operations.- Pull-Through Operations with Sacrifice of the Sphincter Mechanism.- Low Anterior Resection.- D’Allaines Procedure.- Soave Procedure.- Other Endorectal Resections.- Postoperative Care.- Anastomosis with the Stapler.- References.- 10 Diverticular Disease.- Operative Procedures.- Giant Cysts of the Sigmoid.-Diverticular Disease of the Right Colon.- Postoperative Complications and Mortality.- References.- 11 Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease.- Ulcerative Colitis.- Crohn’s Disease.- Operative Procedures.- References.- 12 Volvulus.- Cecum.- Sigmoid.- Transverse Colon.- References.- 13 Intussusception of the Colon.- References.- 14 Wounds of the Colon and Rectum.- References.- 15 Surgery for Obstruction.- Cecostomy.- Transverse Colostomy.- Closure of Persistent Stomas.- One-Stage Operations for Colonic Obstruction.- Other Manifestations of Obstruction.- References.- 16 Surgery for Perforations.- Unusual Perforations of the Colon.- Diastatic Perforations of the Cecum.- Acute Perforation Secondary to Diverticulitis.- Acute Perforation Secondary to Cancer of the Colon.- References.- 17 Surgery for Fistulas.- Internal Fistulas.- External Fistulas.- Fistulas Arising from Diverticulitis.- Low Rectovaginal Fistulas.- References.- 18 Prolapse of the Rectum.- Perineal Operations.- Transabdominal Operations.- Combined Abdominoperineal Operations.- Complications.- References.- 19 Vascular Lesions.- Lesions Associated with Arterial Occlusion.- Lesions Not Associated with Arterial Occlusion.- References.- 20 Hemorrhage from the Colon and Rectum.- References.- 21 Hemorrhoids.- Hemorrhoidectomy.- Thrombosed Hemorrhoids.- Other Methods of Treatment.- Descending Perineum Syndrome.- References.- 22 Other Anorectal Diseases.- Fissure-in-Ano.- Perianal Infections and Fistulas.- Condylomata.- Cryptitis and Papillitis.- Anal Stenosis (Pectenosis) and Rectal Stricture.- Fecal Incontinence.- Pruritus Ani.- Paget’s Disease of the Perianal Skin.- References.- 23 Other Colorectal Diseases.- Operations Related to Cancer.- Other Tumors of the Colorectum.- Retrorectal Tumors.- HerniasContaining Colon.- Constipation.- Infectious Diseases of the Colon.- Pneumatosis.- Foreign Bodies.- Endometriosis of the Colon.- Colitis Cystica Profunda.- Pregnancy.- Radiation Injury.- Malakoplakia of the Colon and Rectum.- Diseases of the Appendices Epiploicae.- Intraoperative Radiation Therapy for Cancer.- References.- 24 Complications of Colorectal Surgery.- Early Complications.- Late Complications.- References.- 25 Pilonidal Sinus.- Operative Procedures.- Complicated Fistulas.- References.- 26 Surgery of the Appendix.- Appendectomy for Acute Appendicitis.- Incidental Appendectomy.- Appendicitis with Complications.- Complications of Appendectomy.- Other Diseases of the Appendix.- References.