Ultrasonography in Obstetrics and Gynecology

SECTION I. Obstetrical Ultrasound 1.The Obstetric Ultrasound Examination 2.Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis 3.First-Trimester Screening for Aneuploidy 4.The Second Trimester Genetic Sonogram 5.Fetal Syndromes 6.Ultrasound Evaluation During the First Trimester 7.Ultrasound Evaluation of Fetal Biometry and Normal and Abnormal Fetal Growth 8.Ultrasound Evaluation of Multiple Pregnancies 9.Ultrasound Evaluation of Normal Fetal Anatomy 10.Ultrasound Evaluation of the Fetal Neural Axis 11.Cranio-Facial and Neck Anomalies 12.The Fetal Musculoskeletal System 13.Ultrasound Evaluation of the Fetal Thorax 14.Ultrasound Evaluation of the Fetal Heart 15.The Gastrointestinal Tract and Abdominal Wall 16.The Fetal Genitourinary Tract 17.Ultrasound Evaluation of Hydrops Fetalis 18.Ultrasound Evaluation of the Cervix 19.Ultrasound Evaluation of the Placenta and Umbilical Cord 20.Amniotic Fluid Volume: Its Role in Fetal Health and Disease 21.Antepartum Fetal Assessment by Ultrasonography: The Fetal Biophysical Profile 22.The Role of Doppler Ultrasound in Obstetrics 23.The Role of Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Obstetrics 24.The Role of 3-D Ultrasound in the Evaluation of the Fetus 25.The Prenatal Management of the Fetus With a Correctable Defect SECTION II. Gynecologic Ultrasound 26.Normal Anatomy of the Female Pelvis 27.Ultrasound Evaluation of the Uterus / Endometrium 28.Abnormal Uterine Bleeding-The Role of Ultrasound 29.Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia 30.Ultrasound Evaluation of the Adnexa (Ovary and Fallopian Tubes) 31.Sonographic Imaging of Infertility 32.Ectopic Pregnancy 33.The Role of MRI in the Evaluation of Gynecologic Disease 34.Sonographic Evaluation of the Normal and Abnormal Breast 35.Artifacts, Pitfalls, and Normal Variants in Obstetrical and Gynecologic Ultrasound Appendices A.Measurements Frequently Used to Estimate Gestational Age and Fetal Biometry B.Measurements Used in Assessing Fetal Weights, Growth, and Body Proportions C.Frequently Used Measurements for Amniotic Fluid and Fetal Doppler Assessment D.Sonographic Detection of Chromosomal Abnormalities E.Normal Measurements of the Uterus and Ovaries F.Medications and Reported Associated Malformations