Liver Immunology

LIVER IMMUNOLOGY: PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE EDITORS: M. Eric Gershwin, M.D. John M. Vierling, M.D. Michael P. Manns, M.D. 2nd edition Correspondence to: M. Eric Gershwin, M.D., Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, 451 E. Health Sciences Drive, Suite 6510, Davis, CA 95616; Telephone: 530-752-2884; Fax: 530-752-4669; Email: megershwin@ucdavis.edu Table of Contents Foreward Contemporary Liver Immunology and Immunopathology: Obstacles and Opportunuties Ian R. Mackay, MD, FRCP, FRACP, VRCPA, FAA Preface Clinical Use of Immunosuppressive Drugs to Control the Immune Response John Vierling, M.D., F.A.C.P. Chapter 1: A Short Primer of Fundamental Immunology Cliona O'Farrelly, Ph.D. Derek G. Doherty, Ph.D. Chapter 2: Role and Function of Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells Percy A. Knolle, M.D. Chapter 3: Innate Immune Mechanisms in the Liver Cliona O'Farrelly, Ph.D. Derek G. Doherty, Ph.D. Chapter 4: Antigen Processing and Presentation in the Liver Masanori Abe, M.D., Ph.D. Angus W. Thomson, Ph.D., DSc Chapter 5: Adaptive Immunity in the Liver James D. Gorham, M.D., Ph.D. Chapter 6: Hepatic NK, NKT and T Cells Golo Ahlenstiel, M.D. Barbara Rehermann, M.D. Chapter 7: Cytokines in Liver Health and Disease Pietro Invernizzi, M.D., Ph.D. Ilaria Bianchi, M.D. Massimo Locati, M.D. Raffaella Bonecchi, Ph.D. Carlo Selmi, M.D., Ph.D. Chapter 8: Prevalence and Significance of Autoantibodies in Acute and Chronic Liver Diseases and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Christian P. Strassburg, M.D. Chapter 9: The Role of Inflammation and Immunity in the Pathogenesis of Liver Fibrosis Wajahat Mehal, M.D., D. Phil. Scott L. Friedman, M.D. Chapter 10: Clinical Use of Immunopathology Techniques in Liver Diseases Chen Liu, M.D., Ph.D. James M. Crawford, M.D., Ph.D. Chapter 11: Tumor Immunology: Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Cholangiocarcinoma and Metastatic Neoplasms Christopher Bowlus, M.D. Bacterial, Parasitic and Viral Infections of the Liver Chapter 12: Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses to Bacterial and Parasite Infections: Clinicopathological Consequences Valentina Medici, M.D. Lorenzo Rossaro, M.D. Sripriya Balasubramanian, M.D. Stuart H. Cohen, M.D. Chapter 13: Immun Response to Hepatitis A and E Viruses: Role in Disease Pathogenesis and Viral Elimination Johannes Hadem, M.D. Chapter 14: Role of the Immune Response in Hepatitis B: Determinants of Severity,Chronicity, and Response to Antiviral Therapy Antonio Bertoletti Patrick Kennedy Adam J. Gehring Chapter 15 Immune Responses in Acute and Chronic Hepatitis C: Implications for Prognosis and Therapy Heiner Wedemeyer, Chapter 16: Immunopathogenesis of Extrahepatic Manifestations in HAV, HBV and HCV Infections: Importance of recognition and Therapy Michael Manns, Elmar Jaeckel, Autoimmune Liver Diseases Chapter 17: Immunogenetics of Autoimmune Liver Diseases: Risk Factors for Susceptibility and Progression Peter Tickell Donaldson, BSc, PhD Chapter 18: Primary Biliary Cirrhosis and Autoimmune Cholangitis Carlo Selmi, M.D., Ph.D. Ana Lleo, M.D. Pietro Invernizzi, M.D., Ph.D. M. Eric Gershwin, M.D. Chapter 19: Sclerosing Cholangitis Sue Cullins, BSc, MB, BS, MRCP MD Roger Chapman, BSc, MB, BS, FRCP, MD, MA Chapter 20: Autoimmune Hepatitis Diego Vergani, M.D., Ph.D. Giorgina Mieli-Vergani, M.D., Ph.D. Chapter 21: Unique Aspects of Autoimmune Hepatitis in Children Giorgina Mieli-Vergani, M.D., Ph.D. Diego Vergani, M.D., Ph.D. Chapter 22: Overlap Syndromes of Autoimmune Hepatitis with Primary Biliary Cirrhosis and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Ulrich Beuers, M.D. Christian Rust, M.D. Chapter 23: Animal Models of Autoimmune Liver Diseases Markus Biburger, PhD Gisa Tiegs, PhD Alcoholic and nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases Chapter 24: The Immune Response in the Pathogenesis of Alcoholic Liver Disease Lynell W. Klassen, M.D. Geoffrey Thiele, Ph.D. Chapter 25: Immunomodulatory Therapy for Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis: Rationale and Efficacy Arthur McCullough, Chapter 26: Role of Immune Response in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases: Evidence in Human and Animal Studies Liu Yang, M.D. Anna Mae Diehl, M.D. Acute Liver Failure Chapter 27: Mechanisms of Acute Liver Failure Christian Trautwein, Alexander Koch, M.D. Hepatotoxicity of Medications Chapter 28: Immune Mechanisms in Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity: Therapeutic Implications Zhang-Xu Liu, M.D., Ph.D. Neil Kaplowitz, M.D. Chapter 29: Acute and Chronic Liver Diseases Induced by Drugs or Xenobiotics Frank N.A.M. van Pelt, MSc, PhD Michelle A. Carey, PhD John B. Carey, PhD Transplantation Chapter 30: Clinical Use of Immunosuppressive Drugs to Control the Immune Response John M. Vierling, M.D., F.A.C.P. Chapter 31: Hepatic Complications of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Howard M. Shulman, M.D. George B. McDonald, M.D. Chapter 32: Acute and Chronic Rejection of the Liver Allograft James Neuberger, DM, FRCP Chapter 33: Immunologic Tolerance in Allo- and Xenografts Aftab A. Ansari, Ph.D. Kovit Pattanapanyasat, Ph.D. Chapter 34: Autoimmune Diseases in Transplanted Livers Hiromi Ishibashi, M.D. Shinji Shimoda, M.D. Minoru Nakamura, M.D. M. Eric Gershwin, M.D. Chapter 35: Immunopathogenesis and Outcomes of Recurrent Hepatitis C James R. Burton, Jr., M.D. Lucy Golden-Mason, Ph.D.