Color Atlas of Skeletal Landmark Definitions

Coauthor of one book chapter:G. Clapworthy, I. Belousov, A. Savenko, W. Sun, J. Tan, S. Van Sint Jan. Medical visualisation, biomechanics, figure animation and robot teleoperation: themes and links. IN: A. Leonardis, F. Solina, R. Bajcsy (eds), Confluence of Computer Vision & Computer Graphics, Kluwer Publishers, 2000More than twenty publications in peer-reviewed international journal. Several are currently being reviewed.Often present at conferences.Van Sint had the chance to gain experience during the last decade in all fields necessary to work on this multidisciplinary topic (i.e., anatomy, biomechanics, clinical problems, computer graphics). This experience allowed him to know the current limitations around motion analysis. He published several papers on these topics.First as Lecturer, then as Associate Professor in Anatomy, since 1990, he also developed knowledge about pedagogical techniques, including needs from students and the relevance of new visualization technologies in Education. The book is being written using this past experience. He was also supported by several colleagues around the world who have given their feedback.

Foreword Acknowledgements 1 Introduction 2 Skull *External occipital protuberance (SOP) [M} *Zygomatic arch (SZR) [R,L] *Zygomatic angle (SZA)[R,L] *Mastoid process (SMP)[R,L] *Supraorbital notch (SSN)[R,L] *Infraorbital foramen(SIF)[R,L] *Lateral corner of orbit (SLC)[R,L] *Lower edge of orbit (SLE)[R,L] *Nasion (SNA)[M] *GLabella (SGL)[M] *Anterior nasal spine (SNS)[M] 3 Jaw *Angle (JAN)[R,L] *Mental protuberance(JMP)[M] *Inferior crest (JIC)[M] *Incisive(JIN)[M] 4 Spine *Spinous process (CV2 to CV7, TV1 to TV12, LV1 to LV5)[M] 5 Sternum *Jugular notch (SJN)[M] *Clavicular surface (SCS)[R,L] *Manubriosternal edge (SME)[M] *Xiphisternal joint (SXS)[M] 6 Ribs *Anterior aspect (RA2 to RA7)[R,L] *Medial aspect (RM2 to RM7)[R,L] *Lateral aspect (RL4 to RL10)[R,L] 7 Clavicle *Acromioclavicular joint (CAJ)[R,L] *Anterior concavity (CAA) [R,L] *Anterior convexity (CAE)[R,L] *Sternoclavicular joint (CSJ)[R,L] *Anterior sternoclavicular joint (CAS)[R,L} 8 Scapula *Inferior angle (SIA)[R,L] *Root of spine (SRS)[R,L] *Superior angle (SSA)[R,L] *Acromial angle (SAA) [R,L] *Acromial tip (SAT)[R,L] *Acromial edge (SAE)[R,L] *Coracoid tip (SCT) [R,L] *Acromioclavicular joint (SAJ) [R,L] 9 Humerus *Greater tubercle (HGT)[R,L] *Lesser tubercle (HLT)[R,L] *Deltoid tuberosity(HDT) [R,L] *Medial epicondyle (HME, HMU, HML)[R,L] *Lateral epicondyle (HLE)[R,L] 10 Ulna *Olecranon (UOA, UOM, UOL)[R,L] *Olecranon basis (UOB)[R,L] *Coronoid process (UCP)[R,L] *Dome (UHD)[R,L] *Head (UHE)[R,L] *Styloid process (USP)[R,L] *Distal radioulnar joint (URU)[R,L] 11 Radius *Head (RHE)[R,L] *Styloid process (RSP)[R,L] *Dorsal tubercle (RDT)[R,L] *Dorsal edge of distal radio-ulnar joint (RDE)[R,L] *Sigmoid notch (RSN)[R,L] 12 Hand *Pisiformis (HPI)[R,L] *Hamatum hook (HHH)[R,L] *Navicular tubercle (HNT)[R,L] *Basis (MBi)[R,L] *Head (HLi, HMi)[R,L] *Sesamoid bones (MSL, MSM)[R,L] *Basis (Bpi, BCi, BDi)[R,L] *Head (PLi, PMi, CLi, CMi, DLi, DMi)[R,L] 13 Sacral bone *Spinous process of 2nd sacral vertebrae (SS2)[M] 14 Iliac bone *Anterior superior iliac spine (IAS)[R,L] *Posterior superior iliac spine (IPS)[R,l} *Posterior inferior iliac spine (IPI)[R,L] *Ischial tuberosity, inferior angle (IIT)[R,L] *Pubic joint, anterior angle (IPJ)[M] *Pubis spine (IPP)[R,L] *Crest tubercle (ICT)[R,L] *Centre of acetabulum (IAC)[R,L] 15 Femur *Greater trochanter (FTc, FTa, FTp)[R,L] *Tubercle of the adductor magnus muscle (FAM)[R,L] *Medial epicondyle (FME)[R,L] *Medial sulcus (FMS)[R,L] *Lateral epicondyle (FLE, FUE, FBE) [R,L] *Popliteal sulcus (FPS)[R,L] *Antero-medial ridge of the patellar surface groove (FMG)[R,L] *Antero-lateral ridge of the patellar surface groove (FLG) [R,L] *Most distal point of the medial condyle (FMC)[R,L] *Most distal point of the lateral condyle (FLC)[R,L] *Center of head (FCH)[R,L] 16 Patella *Apex (PAX)[R,L] *Centre of medial edge (PME)[R,L] *Centre of lateral edge (PLE)[R,L] *Centre (PCE)[R,L] 17 Tibia *Tibial tuberosity (TTC, TTM, TTL) [R,L] *Medial ridge of tibial plateau (TMR)[R,L] *Lateral ridge of tibial plateau (TLR)[R,L] *Gerdy's tubercle (TGT)[R,L] *Apex of the medial malleolus (TAM)[R,L] 18 Fibula *Apex of the styloid process (FAX)[R,L] *Neck (FNE) [R,L] *Apex of the lateral malleolus (FAL)[R,L] 19 Foot *Posterior surface (FCC, FCM, FCL)[R,L] *Sustentaculum tali (FST) [R,L] *Tuberosity (FNT)[R, L] *Greater apophysis (FGA)[R,L] *Neck (FNK) [R, L] *Head (FHE) [R, L] *Peroneal trochlea (FPT) [R, L] *Tuberosity of 5th metatarsal bone (FMT) [R, L] 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th head (FM1, FM2, FM3, FM4, FM5) [R, L] *Basis (Bpi, BCi, BDi) [R, L] *Head (PLi, PMi, CLi, CMi, DLi, DMi) [R, L] 20 Approximation of centroid and radius Index