Fundamentals of Pediatric Neuro-Ophthalmology

Gena Heidary, MD, PhD

Director Pediatric Neuro ophthalmology Service 

Boston Children's Hospital

Harvard Medical School

Paul H. Phillips, MD

Director, Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus, Pediatric Neuro-Ophthalmology

Professor Ophthalmology

Arkansas Children's Hospital

Optic Nerve Hypoplasia.- Optic Nerve Coloboma.- Morning Glory Disc Anomaly.- Optic Nerve Pit.- Myelinated retinal nerve fiber layer.- Optic Nerve Drusen.- Papilledema from Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension.- Papilledema from Secondary Pseudotumor Cerebri.- Papilledema from Dural Sinus Thrombosis.- Optic neuritis associated with Multiple Sclerosis.- Optic Neuritis associated with MOG-IgG Positivity.- Optic Neuritis associated with Neuromyelitis Optica.- Neuroretinitis.- Optic Nerve Glioma in Neurofibromatosis Type I.- Optic Nerve Glioma (Sporadic).- Optic Nerve Sheath Meningioma in the setting of Neurofibromatosis Type II.- Optic Nerve Infiltration in the setting of a Brain Tumor.- Dominant Optic Atrophy.- Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy.- Nutritional Optic Neuropathy from Vitamin A Deficiency.- Congenital Fibrosis of the Extraocular Muscles.- Duane Syndrome.- Moebius Syndrome.- Third Nerve Palsy.- Fourth Nerve Palsy.- Sixth Nerve Palsy.- Acute Acquired Comitant Esotropia.- Ocular Myasthenia Gravis.- Chronic Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia.- Ocular Neuromyotonia.- Infantile-onset saccade initiation delay (ISID) or congenital ocular motor apraxia.- Infantile Nystagmus.- Paroxysmal Tonic Downgaze in Infancy.- Spasmus Nutans.- Russell Diencephalic Syndrome of Infancy with Monocular Nystagmus.- Nystagmus associated with a Retinal Dystrophy.- Downbeat Nystagmus.- Opsoclonus Myoclonus Syndrome.- Horner Syndrome.- Anisocoria from a Third Nerve Palsy.- Craniopharyngioma.- Dorsal Midbrain Syndrome.- Posterior Fossa Tumor.- Craniosynostosis with Papilledema.- Ataxia Telangiectasia.- Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis.- Adrenoleukodystrophy.- Joubert Syndrome with Congenital Fibrosis of the Extraocular Muscles.- KIF11 Mutation.- Cerebral/Cortical Visual Impairment (CVI).- Non-Organic Vision Loss.