The Active Female

Jacalyn J. Robert-McComb, PhD, Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
Mimi Zumwalt, MD, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
Maria Fernandez del Valle, PhD, Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain

Part I: Unique Gender and Sex Related Psychological and Physiological Characteristics of Females.- Sex differences in musculoskeletal anatomy between males and females.- Body image concerns and unique psychophysiological stressors at marked life stages in females.- The psychology of female sport performance from a gender perspective.- Reproductive changes from puberty to menopause and the effects of the menstrual cycle on bone formation/bone loss.- The female athlete triad: Nutritional, physical, psychological stress and functional amenorrhea.- The physiology of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.- Exercise metabolism/thermoregulation, performance and the menstrual cycle.- Part II: Disordered Eating, Eating Disorders, and Evidence-Based Programs for Managing the Symptoms.- Health disparities and inequities in women's health.- Disordered eating/eating disorders: A global psychosocial perspective.- Evidence-based disordered eating prevention programs including mindfulnesseating for active females.- Breathing techniques for the active female to help alleviate pain caused by symptoms of dysmenorrhea.- Part III: Screening, Prevention, and Management of Health-Related Issues in Active Females.- Screening for excessive exercise, disordered eating, and menstrual dysfunction in the active female.- The importance of posture and muscular balance in the body for managing skeletal muscle injuries in active females.- Prevention and management of common musculoskeletal injuries in skeletally immature female athletes.- Prevention and management of common musculoskeletal injuries in the adult active female.- Prevention and management of common musculoskeletal injuries in the aging active female.- The management of osteoporosis through exercise.- Part IV: Nutrition, Energy Balance, and Energy Availability in Active Females.- Estimating energy requirements.- Energy requirements and nutritional guidelines for active children.- Dietary guidelines and energy needs for the adult active female: Determining energy and nutritional needs to ameliorate functional amenorrhea caused by energy imbalance.- Nutritional guidelines and energy needs during pregnancy/lactation.- Nutritional guidelines and energy needs for the aging active female.- Ergogenic aids/other supplements and the female athlete.- Part V: Exercise Guidelines and Precautions for Active Females throughout the Lifespan.- Screening for safe exercise participation and exercise guidelines for health-related fitness.- Cardiovascular exercise guidelines for active females throughout the lifespan including children, adolescents and the aging female.- Resistance training guidelines for active females throughout the lifespan including children, adolescents and the aging female.- Exercise guidelines during pregnancy.- Excessive exercise and immunity: The J-shaped curve.- Exercise recommendations for cancer in active females throughout the lifespan including children, adolescence andthe aging female.- Part VI: The Obese Active Female.- The psychology of obesity and weight loss.- Exercise and nutritional guidelines for weight loss and weight maintenance in the obese female.- Exercise considerations for comorbidities associated with obesity such as polycystic ovary syndrome, diabetes and the metabolic syndrome.- Normal weight obesity.