Human Respiration

Chapter 1:Anatomy and physiology of the human respiratory system Postnatal growth and development; Conducting airways structure and function; Mechanisms of gas exchange; Pulmonary circulation; Respiratory muscles Chapter 2: Fundamentals of alveolar gas diffusion: mathematical modeling and visualization Human respiratory system; Impact of microscopic solid particles on the alveolar diffusion; Visualization of the results Chapter 3: Lung gas composition and transfer analysis: O2 and CO2 diffusion coefficients and metabolic rates Introduction; Lung-air composition analysis (and O2 consumption and CO2 production rates); Lung gas-exchange model and parametric analysis; Case studies Chapter 4: Lung ventilation modeling and assessment Introduction; Lung ventilation performance using a linear first-order model; Ventilatory Index; Variations in R and C during a respiratory cycle (towards nonlinear); Work of breathing (WOB); Second-order model for single-compartment lung model; Two-compartmental linear model Chapter 5: Modeling of two-phase flow in the human respiratory system Introduction; Methodology; Results; Discussions; Conclusions Chapter 6: Quantification of human physiological response to toxic substances Introduction; Preliminary considerations; Basic definitions and the scale of capability; Conclusions Chapter 7: Anatomically based modeling of pulmonary structure Introduction; Finite-element models of the human lung lobes; Finite-element models of the conducting airways; Modeling the respiratory airways as a volume-filling mesh; Modeling the microcirculation as a segmented network; Summary Chapter 8: Applied chest-wall vibration therapy for patients with obstructive lung disease Introduction; Experimental methodology; Theoretical considerations based on guidelines for HFCCT; Results and discussions; Concluding remarks Chapter 9: Indicator for lung status in a mechanically ventilated COPD patient using lung-ventilation modeling and assessment Introduction; Methodology; Lung-ventilation model; Determining lung compliance (Ca) and air-flow resistance (Ra); Formulating a lung-ventilatory index (LVI); Assessing lung-improvement index (LII) and rate of lung improvement (k); Conclusion Chapter 10: Mechanics of proportional-assist ventilation Introduction; Development of proportional-assist ventilation; Theory of proportional-assist ventilation; Proportional solenoid valve PAV system; Experimental results and discussion; Conclusions