Sign Language Interpreting

Preface.


About the Authors.


1. Introduction.


Our Philosophy.



Terminology.



Some Professional Issues.



Organization of the Book.



2. From Favor to Profession: The History of Interpreting.


When and Where Did Interpreting Originate?



The Professionalization of Interpreting.



Interpreting with Deaf Participants.



Interpreter Organizations.



Social and Legal Milestones.



Preparation of Interpreters.



Interpreting in Other Countries.



Nurturing the Interpreting Profession.



3. Models of Interpreting.


An Interactive Model.



Elements of Other Interpreting Models.



Conclusions.



4. Physical Factors.


The Auditory Field.



The Visual Field.



Personal Factors.



Managing the Environment.



5. Psychological Factors.


The Psychology of the Interpreter.



Psychology of Deaf Participants.



Psychology of Hearing Participants.



Psychology of Interpreting Interactions.



Psychological Research.



Summary.



6. Varieties of Settings.


Variations in Form and Participants.



Variations in Settings.



Summary.



7. Language and Culture.


Respecting Other Cultures.



Using New Signs.



Cultural Misinterpretations.



Language as Power.



The Interpreter's Responsibilities.



Cultural Mediation.



American Sign Language.



English-Based Sign Systems.



The Interpreter's Linguistic Tools.



Summary.



8. The Business of Interpreting.


Supply and Demand.



Projecting Demand.



Other Demands.



Negative Influences on Demand.



The Supply.



Remuneration.



Trends in Fees.



Marketing Interpreter Services.



Consumer Education.



Certification and Licensure.



Malpractice.



Cost-Benefit Analysis.



An Innovative Marketing Plan.



Summary.



9. Ethics.


The RID Code of Ethics.



Breaking the Code.



Uncharted Ethics.



Summary.



10. Educational Interpreting.


Educational Placement Before and After P.L. 94-142.



The Role of Educational Interpreters.



Educational Levels.



Communication Decisions.



Working Conditions.



Supply and Demand.



Legal Aspects.



The Research Basis.



Summary.



11. The Future.


Demand.



Remote Interpreting.



Alternatives to Sign Language Interpreting.



Supply.



Research.



Trends in Educational Interpreting.



Interpreter Demographics.



Participant Characteristics.



Ethics.



The Coming Consensus.



Appendix A. Interpreter and Transliterator Certifications.


Appendix B. Participant Perspectives on Interpreting.


Appendix C. Profiles.


Appendix D. The NAD-RID National Council on Interpreting: Historical Overview and Test Development Process.


References and Bibliography.


Index.