Oxford Textbook of Palliative Medicine

Foreword; SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION; 1.1 Introduction; SECTION 2: THE CHALLENGE OF PALLIATIVE MEDICINE; 2.1 The problem of suffering; 2.2 The epidemiology of death and symptoms; 2.3 Palliative medicine and modern cancer care; 2.4 Predicting survival in patients with advanced disease; 2.5 The interdisciplinary team; 2.6 Economics based palliative medicine; SECTION 3: ETHICAL ISSUES; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Confidentiality; 3.3 Truth-telling and consent; 3.4 Educating for professional competence in palliative medicine; 3.5 Palliative medicine and children: ethical and legal issues; 3.6 Ethical issues in palliative care research; 3.7 Euthanasia and withholding treatment; SECTION 4: COMMUNICATION AND PALLIATIVE MEDICINE; 4.1 Communication with the patient and family in palliative medicine; 4.2 Communication with professionals; 4.3 Communication with public, politicians and media; SECTION 5: RESEARCH IN PALLIATIVE MEDICINE; 5.1 The principles of evidence-based medicine; 5.2 Clinical research in palliative medicine: practical considerations; 5.3 Qualitative research in palliative medicine; 5.4 Pain research - the design of clinical trials; 5.5 Research into psychosocial issues; SECTION 6: PATIENT EVALUATION AND OUTCOME MEASURES; 6.1 The measurement of pain and other symptoms; 6.2 Are we doing the right thing well: assessing and maintaining the quality of care?; 6.3 Quality of life in palliative medicine - principles and practice; SECTION 7: PRINCIPLES OF DRUG USE IN PALLIATIVE MEDICINE; 7.1 Principles of drug use in palliative medicine; SECTION 8: SYMPTOM MANAGEMENT; 8.1 Disease modifying management; 8.1.1 Palliative medicine and the treatment of cancer; 8.1.2 Radiotherapy in symptom management; 8.1.3 Surgical palliation; 8.1.4 Orthopaedic principles and management; 8.1.5 Interventional radiology; 8.2 The management of pain; 8.2.1 Pathophysiology of pain in cancer and other terminal diseases; 8.2.2 Acute and chronic cancer pain syndromes; 8.2.3 Opioid analgesic therapy; 8.2.4 Non-opioid analgesics; 8.2.5 Adjuvant analgesics in pain management; 8.2.6 Anaesthetic techniques for pain management; 8.2.7 Neurosurgical techniques in the management of pain; 8.2.8 Treating pain with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS); 8.2.9 Acupuncture; 8.2.10 Psychological and psychiatric interventions in pain control; 8.2.11 Difficult pain problems - an integrated approach; 8.3 Gastro-intestinal symptoms; 8.3.1 Palliation of nausea and vomiting; 8.3.2 Dysphagia, dyspepsia and hiccup; 8.3.3 Constipation and diarrhoea; 8.3.4 Pathophysiology and management of malignant bowel obstruction; 8.3.5 Jaundice, ascites and hepatic encephalopathy; 8.4 Nutrition in palliative medicine; 8.4.1 Pathophysiology of the Anorexia/Cachexia syndrome; 8.4.2 Clinical assessment and decision making in cachexia and anorexia; 8.4.3 Dietary and nutritional aspects of palliative medicine; 8.4.4 Pharmacological interventions in cachexia and anorexia; 8.5 Fatigue and asthenia; 8.6 Clinical management of anaemia, cytopenias and thrombosis in palliative medicine; 8.7 Pruritus and sweating in palliative medicine; 8.8 Palliative medicine in malignant respiratory diseases; 8.9 Skin problems in palliative medicine; 8.9.1 Medical aspects; 8.9.2 Nursing aspects; 8.9.3 Lymphoedema; 8.10 Genito-urinary problems in palliative medicine; 8.11 Palliative issues in the care of patients with cancer of the head and neck; 8.12 Mouth care; 8.13 Endocrine and metabolic complications of advanced cancer; 8.14 Neurological problems in advanced cancer; 8.15 Primary brain tumours; 8.16 Sleep in palliative medicine; 8.17 Psychiatric symptoms in palliative medicine; SECTION 9: PAEDIATRIC PALLIATIVE MEDICINE; 9.1 Pain control; 9.2 The symptom management of children with life-limiting illness; 9.3 Psychological adaptation of the dying child; 9.4 Care of the dying child and adolescent - family adjustment and support; 9.5 Special consideration for children in palliative medicine; 9.6 Bereavement issues and staff support; SECTION 10: PALLIATIVE MEDICINE IN NON-MALIGNANT DISEASE; 10.1 Introduction; 10.2 AIDS in adults; 10.3 Palliative medicine for children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS; 10.4 Palliative medicine and non-malignant, end-stage respiratory disease; 10.5 Palliative medicine for patients with end stage heart disease; 10.6 Palliative medicine in non-malignant neurological disease; 10.7 Palliative medicine and care of the elderly; 10.8 Palliative medicine in intensive care; SECTION 11: CULTURAL AND SPIRITUAL ASPECTS OF PALLIATIVE MEDICINE; 11.1 Cultural and spiritual aspects of palliative medicine; SECTION 12: EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS IN PALLIATIVE CARE; 12.1 The emotional problems of the patient in palliative medicine; 12.2 Emotional problems in the family; 12.3 The stress of professional caregivers; SECTION 13: SOCIAL WORK IN PALLIATIVE MEDICINE; 13.1 Social work in palliative medicine; SECTION 14: REHABILITATION IN PALLIATIVE MEDICINE; 14.1 Rehabilitation in palliative medicine; SECTION 15: THE CONTRIBUTION TO PALLIATIVE CARE OF PROFESSIONS ALLIED TO MEDICINE; 15.1 The contribution of occupational therapy to palliative medicine; 15.2 The contribution of music therapy to palliative medicine; 15.3 The contribution of the dietician and nutritionist to palliative medicine; 15.4 The contribution of physiotherapy to palliative medicine; 15.5 The contribution of speech and language therapy to palliative medicine; 15.6 The contribution of art therapy to palliative medicine; 15.7 The contribution of stoma therapy to palliative medicine; 15.8 The contribution of clinical psychology to palliative medicine; 15.9 The contribution of the role of the pharmacist to palliative medicine; 16.1 COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES IN PALLIATIVE MEDICINE; SECTION 17: PALLIATIVE MEDICINE IN THE HOME; 17.1 Palliative medicine in the home; 17.2 Palliative care in the home: North America; SECTION 18: THE TERMINAL PHASE; 18.1 The terminal phase; SECTION 19 BEREAVEMENT; 19.1 Bereavement; SECTION 20: EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN PALLIATIVE MEDICINE; 20.1 Introduction; 20.2 Training the family physician; 20.3 Training specialists in palliative medicine; 20.4 Learning and using counselling skills in palliative medicine; 20.5 The role of the humanities in palliative medicine; 20.6 Internet and IT learning; SECTION 21: PALLIATIVE MEDICINE: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE; 21.1 Palliative medicine: a global perspective