Advanced Paediatric Life Support

Advanced Life Support Group (ALSG), Manchester, UK. ALSG's medical education & training programmes improve outcomes for people in life-threatening situations, anywhere along the health care pathway, anywhere in the world. As a charity, ALSG invests all profits in educational resources and partners with the most effective and respected organisations worldwide to develop exceptionally high-quality programmes. ALSG education quality is verified, accredited and internationally recognised as 'best in class', contributing to better outcomes for patients in life-threatening situations. Stephanie Smith, PhD, is Emergency Paediatric Consultant, Clinical Director at Nottingham Children's Hospital.

Contributors to Seventh Edition vii

Foreword xi

Preface to First Edition xii

Preface to seventh edition xiii

Acknowledgements xv

Contact details and further information xix

Part 1: Introduction 1

1 Introduction and structured approach to paediatric emergencies 3

2 Getting it right: non- technical factors and communication 19

Part 2: The seriously ill child 29

3 Structured approach to the seriously ill child 31

4 Airway and Breathing 45

5 Circulation 65

6 Decreased conscious level (with or without seizures) 93

7 Exposure 115

Part 3: The seriously injured child 125

8 Structured approach to the seriously injured child 127

9 The child with chest injury 147

10 The child with abdominal injury 157

11 The child with traumatic brain injury 161

12 The child with injuries to the extremities or the spine 173

13 The burned or scalded child 183

14 The child with an electrical injury 191

15 Special considerations 195

Part 4: Life support 207

16 Basic life support 209

17 Support of the airway and ventilation 227

18 Management of cardiac arrest 245

Part 5: Practical application of APLS 259

19 Practical procedures: airway and breathing 261

20 Practical procedures: circulation 277

21 Practical procedures: trauma 295

22 Imaging in trauma 309

23 Structured approach to stabilisation and transfer 323

Part 6: Appendices 337

Appendix A Acid–base balance and blood gas interpretation 339

Appendix B Fluid and electrolyte management 357

Appendix C Paediatric major trauma 371

Appendix D Safeguarding 375

Appendix E Advance decisions and end of life 383

Appendix F General approach to poisoning and envenomation 397

Appendix G Resuscitation of the baby at birth 419

Appendix H Drowning 439

Appendix I Point of care ultrasound 445

Appendix J Formulary 455

List of algorithms 477

Working group for seventh edition 479

References and further reading 481

Index 487

How to use your textbook 508