Professional, Ethical, Legal, and Educational Lessons in Medicine

Dr. Lalwani graduated from St. John's Medical College, India, and completed his residency training in Anesthesia and Critical Care at the Norwich, King's College, and Royal London Hospitals in London, UK. He completed his pediatric anesthesiology fellowship at Great Ormond Street Hospital in London, completed his Specialist Training in Anesthesia in the UK, then worked at Seattle Children's Hospital for two years before joining OHSU in 1999. He is a fellow of the Royal College of Anaesthetists and is Board Certified in Anesthesiology and Pediatric Anesthesiology by the American Board of Anesthesiology. Dr. Cohen graduated from New York University's School of Medicine in 1983. He completed a Pediatric Residency at the Albert Einstein Affiliated Hospitals in 1986, an Anesthesiology Residency at New York University in 1988 and a Fellowship in Pediatric Anesthesiology at Children's National in Washington, D.C. in 1989. Upon completion of his clinical training, he joined the Department of Anesthesiology at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh for four years and then returned Children's National. In 2005, Dr. Cohen earned a master's degree from the George Washington University, School of Education and Human Development. He has over the years served as Fellowship Program Director, President of the Society of Education, and Chair of the Committee for Continuing Education for the Society of Pediatric Anesthesia. Dr. Ellen Choi received her BA in molecular and cell biology from the University of California, Berkeley, and earned her MD from the University of California, San Francisco. She completed her residency training in anesthesiology at the University of California, Los Angeles, where she also served as chief resident. She then completed a pediatric anesthesiology fellowship at Boston Children's Hospital in 2011. After fellowship, she returned to UCLA as faculty before joining the University of Chicago. She is board certified in Anesthesiology and Pediatric Anesthesiology by the American Board of Anesthesiology. Dr. Robins graduated from the Mount Sinai Scholl of Medicine (now Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY), in 1989, following undergraduate study in Biology and Philosophy at the University of Rochester (Rochester, NY). He completed his Anesthesiology residency at Stanford University (Stanford, CA) in the Department of Anesthesiology, followed by a Fellowship in Pediatric Anesthesiology at The Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard University (Boston, MA), where he served as Chief Fellow. After a year on faculty at Vanderbilt University (Nashville, TN), he joined the faculty at OHSU in 1996. In 2016, he completed a Master's Degree in Bioethics and Health Policy at Loyola University Chicago (Chicago, IL). Additional training in Pediatric Bioethics was completed at Children's Mercy Hospital (Kansas City, MO) in 2017. He has co-taught graduate-level Pediatric Bioethics at Loyola University Chicago and has served on both the Ethics Consult Service and the Institutional Ethics Committee at OHSU. He is Board Certified in Anesthesiology and Sub-Specialty Certified in Pediatric Anesthesiology from the American Board of Anesthesiology. Dr. Kirsch completed his residency in anesthesiology and fellowships in neuro-anesthesiology and neuro-critical care at Johns Hopkins. During his 20 years of service at Hopkins, he was vice chair of Education and Training and the residency program director. Dr. Jeffrey Kirsch is Chair-Emeritus of the Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine at Oregon Health & Science University. He also served as a member of the ACGME Review Committee for Anesthesiology and currently is a member of the ACGME Board of Directors. Dr. Kirsch is Past President of SNACC, the Society of Associations of Academic Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, and Association of University Anesthesiologists. He currently serves the ASA as Chair of the Committee on Scientific Advisory and their representative to the Anesthesiology Research Council.

Preface
Acknowledgments
1. Navigating Communication Conflicts
2. The Disruptive Colleague
3. The Challenging Resident
4. Substance Abuse in Healthcare Providers
5. Addressing Patient Nonadherence
6. Professional Boundaries in Healthcare
7. Addressing Workplace Violence in Interprofessional Teams
8. Avoiding Implicit Bias and Microaggressions
9. Stress and Burnout in Healthcare
10. Developing a Culture of Wellness
11. Surviving a Bad Outcome: The Second Victim
12. Disclosure of Medical Errors
13. Professional Pitfalls of the Electronic Health Record
14. Social Media Sinkholes
15. Cultural Sensitivity in the Workplace
16. Diversity and Equity in the Workforce
17. Conflicts of Interest and the Influence of Healthcare Companies
18. Interview Etiquette, Science, Common Sense, and the Law
19. Billing Compliance Errors
20. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Fraud: The False Claims Act, qui tam, and the 11th Amendment
21. Off-Label Use of Drugs and Devices
22. Motivation and Workplace Incentives
23. Improving Efficiency and Reducing Cost
24. Reducing the Environmental Impact of your Practice
25. Leadership Styles
26. All Hazards Disaster Leadership Competencies
27. Patient Autonomy and Informed Consent
28. Consent and Assent in Pediatric Patients
29. Preoperative Pregnancy Testing in Minors
30. Adolescent Capacity to Consent to Transgender-Related Healthcare
31. Conscientious Objection: Moral and Ethical Objections by the Healthcare Provider
32. The Patient's Bill of Rights and Discrimination Against Healthcare Providers
33. Approaching conflicts and challenges between clinical teams and caregivers
34. Prescribing for Friends and Family
35. The Placebo Effect
36. The Doctrine of Parens Patriae
37. Death by Neurologic Criteria
38. Decisions Related to End-of-life Care: Medical Futility and Withdrawal of Therapy
39. Decision Making Capacity, Advance Directives and Surrogate Decision Makers
40. Organ Donation After Cardiac Death
41. Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) and Physician Order for Life
42. Physician Aid in Dying
43. Physician Involvement in Executions
44. The Ethics of Research
45. Ethical Dilemmas of the COVID-19 Pandemic
46. Bloom's Taxonomy: The Cognitive Domain
47. Bloom's Taxonomy: The Affective Domain
48. Bloom's Taxonomy: The Psychomotor Domain
49. Adult Learning Theory
50. The Pros and Cons of the Socratic Method
51. The One-Minute Preceptor Model
52. How to Design and Moderate an Excellent Problem-Based Learning Discussion
53. How to Design an Engaging Workshop
54. How to Give and Get Effective Feedback
55. How to Design a Curriculum
56. Evaluations: Types and Methods
57. How to Give an Excellent Presentation *Virtual Presentation*
58. The Science of Deliberate Practice
59. Virtual Teaching and Learning
60. The Role of Social Media in Healthcare Education
61. Human Factors in Medical Care
62. Healthcare Simulation
63. Cognitive Errors in Clinical Decision Making
64. Quality Improvement Science
65. Coaching, Mentoring, and Advising
66. Confidentiality of Patient Information: The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
67. An Overview of the Legal Process: Expert Witnesses
68. An Overview of the Legal Process: Depositions and Testifying in Court
69. Telemedicine: Legal, Ethical, and Regulatory Issues
70. Electronic Distractions in Healthcare
71. Physicians' Code of Conduct: The Duty to Report
72. Documentation Disputes in the Medical Record
73. Contracts and Negotiations