Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Disorders

Alluru S. Reddi, MD, PhD Professor of Medicine emeritus Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.

Body Fluid Compartments.- Interpretation of Urine Electrolytes and Osmolality.- Renal Handling of NaCl and Water.- Intravenous Fluids: Composition and Indications.- Diuretics.- Disorders of Extracellular Fluid Volume:  Basic Concepts.- Disorders of ECF Volume: Congestive Heart Failure.- Disorders of ECF Volume: Cirrhosis of the Liver.- Disorders of ECF Volume: Nephrotic Syndrome.- Disorders of ECF Volume: Volume Contraction.- Disorders of Water Balance: Physiology.- Disorders of Water Balance: Hyponatremia.- Disorders of Water Balance: Hypernatremia.- Disorders of Potassium: Physiology.- Disorders of Potassium: Hypokalemia.- Disorders of Potassium: Hyperkalemia.- Disorders of Calcium: Physiology.- Disorders of Calcium: Hypocalcemia.- Disorders of Calcium: Hypercalcemia.- Disorders of Phosphate: Physiology.- Disorders of Phosphate: Hypophosphatemia.- Disorders of Phosphate: Hyperphosphatemia.- Disorders of Magnesium: Physiology.- Disorders of Magnesium: Hypomagnesemia.- Disorders of Magnesium: Hypermagnesemia.- Acid-Base Physiology.- Evaluation of an Acid-Base Disorder.- High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis.- Hyperchloremic Metabolic Acidosis: Renal Tubular Acidosis.- Hyperchloremic Metabolic Acidosis: Nonrenal Causes.- Metabolic Alkalosis.- Respiratory Acidosis.- Respiratory Alkalosis.- Mixed Acid-Base Disorders.- Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base disorders in Special Conditions - Acute kidney injury.- Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base disorders in Special Conditions - Chronic kidney disease.- Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base disorders in Special Conditions - Kidney transplantation.- Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base disorders in Special Conditions - Pregnancy.- Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base disorders in Special Conditions - Liver disease.