Cerebral Vasospasm

Head, Division of Neurosurgery, St. Michaels Hospital; Professor of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaCo-Founder and Chief Scientific Officer, Edge Therapeutics Inc.

Section I. Molecular Mechanisms of Vasospasm

1. Signaling Pathways in Cerebral Vasospasm

2. A New Approach to the Mechanism of Smooth Muscle Contraction: Calmodulin Sensor MLC Kinase Mice

3. Changes in Vascular Ion Channels After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

4. Inhibition of Src Tyrosine Kinase Reduces Experimental Cerebral Vasospasm

5. Potassium Channels in Experimental Cerebral Vasospasm

6. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate–Induced Arterial Contraction and Ca2+ Sensitization

7. Potential Role of Potassium Channels in Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor-Induced Vascular Relaxation in Rat Basilar Artery: A Patch-Clamp Study

8. The Role of Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels in the Mouse Model of Chronic Cerebral Vasospasm

9. Protein Kinase C Isoforms, Rho Kinase and Myosin Light Chain Phosphorylation as Mechanisms of Cerebral Vasospasm After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Section II. Remodeling and Inflammation

10. Magnesium in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Is It That Simple?

11. Pathogenesis of Cerebral Vasospasm: The Role of Cerebral Microcirculatory Changes

12. Bilirubin Oxidation Products and Their Possible Role in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced Cerebral Vasospasm

13. Activation of Microglia After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats

14. Smooth Muscle Phenotype Change in Canine Basilar Artery After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

15. Inflammation and Cerebral Vasospasm: New Perspectives

Section III. Experimental—Endothelium

16. Pathophysiology of Delayed Vasospasm After SAH: New Hypothesis and Implications for Treatment

17. Endothelin B Receptor Null Mutation Prevents Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced Cerebral Vasospasm in the Rat In Vivo

18. Experimental SAH Alters Endothelin Receptor Phenotype in Rat Cerebral Arteries

19. Endothelial Dysfunction in a Primate Model of Cerebral Vasospasm

20. Increased Contractile Effect of Endothelin-1 on Isolated Rat Basilar Artery after Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

21. CSF Levels of ADMA, an Endogenous Inhibitor of Nitric Oxide Synthase, are Associated With Vasospasm After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

22. Monitoring Activation of Cerebral Endothelin System after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage by Measuring C-terminal Fragment in Cerebrospinal Fluid

23. Cytokines Produce Apoptosis in Cultured Cerebral Endothelial Cells

Section IV. Experimental—Pathophysiology

24. Controversial Issues Regarding the Pathophysiology of Vasospasm: A Review

25. Cerebral Vasospasm Revisited: SAH Syndrome

26. Intravascular Adenoviral Gene Transfection of Monkey Cerebral Arteries Using Micro-Balloon Catheters

27. Oxyhemoglobin Potentiation of Thromboxane A2-Induced Contraction of Porcine Basilar Arteries

28. Cytosolic Calcium Oscillations Induced by Cisternal Cerebrospinal Fluid from SAH Patients

29. Nicotine Exposure Potentiates Vasoconstriction of Canine Basilar Artery via Protein Kinase C Activation and Attenuation of Nitric Oxide Synthesis

30. Experimental SAH Upregulates 5-HT1B Receptors in Rat Cerebral Arteries

31. What Is the Key Factor Expressed in Human Spastic Arteries After SAH?

32. Expression of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 in a Rat Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Model

33. Interactive Role of Protein Kinase C Isoforms and Rho Kinase in Vasospasm After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

34. Possible Role of Heme Oxygenase-1 and Ferritin in Cerebral Vasospasm After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

35. Hypothermia Reduces Metabolic Alterations Caused by Acute Vasospasm After SAH in Rats: A Microdialysis and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study

Section V. Experimental Treatments

36. Prevention of Experimental Cerebral Vasospasm by Intrathecal Delivery of Liposomal Fasudil

37. Magnesium and Cerebral Vasospasm

38. Phosphodiesterase III Inhibitor for the Treatment of Chronic Cerebral Vasospasm in Dogs

Section VI. Clinical—Doppler and Imaging

39. Intraoperative Microvascular Doppler Sonography for Monitoring Vasospasm and Use of Topical Vasodilators During Intracranial Aneurysm Surgery

40. Basilar Vasospasm Following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: TCD and SPECT Correlation

41. Comparison of Positron Emission Tomography Cerebral Perfusion With Transcranial Doppler in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients With Neurological Deterioration

42. Brain Perfusion Computed Tomography in Severe Symptomatic Vasospasm

43. Vasospasm and Regional Brain Perfusion: Correlation between TCD and CT Perfusion Measurement

44. Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Monitoring for the Diagnosis of Delayed Ischemia After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Section VII. Clinical—Medical Aspects

45. Sex and Clinical Cerebral Vasospasm in Yorkshire, UK

46. Factors Influencing Vasospasm After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Prospective Observational Study in the North of England

47. Grading Scale for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Based on a Modification of the World Federation of Neurological Surgeons Scale

48. Effect of Inotrope-Induced Blood Pressure Changes on Cerebral Perfusion in Patients With Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Positron Emission Tomography Study

49. The Role of Isoprostane in Vasospasm After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Humans: Preliminary Experience

50. S-100B and Neuron Specific Enolase as Predictors of Cerebral Vasospasm and Infarcts After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

51. The APACHE Score for Early Detection of Cerebral Vasospasm

52. Sequential Changes in Oxyhemoglobin in Fluid Drained from SAH Patients Undergoing Cisternal Irrigation

53. Sex and Racial Factors in the Outcome of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mississippi

Section VIII. Clinical—Medical Management

54. Clinical Trial Dilemmas in Vasospasm

55. Circulating Blood Volume After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

56. Cerebrovascular Effects of Hypertonic Saline in Poor Grade Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

57. Panax Notoginseng Saponins for Prevention of Vasospasm and Delayed Ischemic Neurological Deficits After SAH: A Review

58. Effect of Hydrocortisone on Excess Natriuresis in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

59. Safety and Efficacy of the Different Components of Hemodynamic Therapy in Patients with Symptomatic Vasospasm

Section IX. Clinical—Surgery and Endovascular

60. Symptomatic Vasospasm After Early Surgical and Endovascular Treatment of Ruptured Cerebral Aneurysms

61. Endovascular Treatment for Cerebral Vasospasm

62. CSF Drainage for Prevention and Reversal of Cerebral Vasospasm After Surgical Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms

63. Cerebral Vasospasm is Markedly Reduced by Lumbar Cerebrospinal Fluid Drainage

64. Fenestration of the Lamina Terminalis Reduces Vasospasm After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage from Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms

Section X. Clinical—Treatment

65. Clinical Trial of Nicardipine Prolonged-Release Implants for Prevention of Vasospasm

66. Transdermal Nitrogylcerin in Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Pilot Study

67. Decision Analysis in the Treatment of Vasospasm After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

68. Effects of Fasudil Hydrochloride, a Protein Kinase Inhibitor, on Cerebral Vasospasm and Infarction

69. Fasudil Hydrochloride for Vasospasm After Early Surgery for Good Grade Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

70. Analysis of Patients With Cerebral Infarction Caused by Vasospasm After Intra-Arterial Administration of Fasudil Hydrochloride

71. Therapeutic Strategies for Cerebral Vasospasm After SAH: Efficacy of a Combination of Intraventricular Urokinase and Intra-Arterial Fasudil

72. Effects of Intrathecal Fibrinolytic Therapy on Clot Lysis and Development of Cerebral Vasospasm in Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Following Endovascular Therapy

73. Intracisternal Thrombolysis With Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Severe Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

74. Prevention of Vasospasm by Cisternal Irrigation with Urokinase and Ascorbic Acid

75. Prevention of Vasospasm: Surgical Procedures and Postoperative Management in Patients Undergoing Cisternal Irrigation

76. Prevention of Symptomatic Vasospasm by Intermittent Cisternal Irrigation With Urokinase and Ascorbic Acid