Paediatric Infectious Diseases

Yhu-Chering Huang is a Professor at the Department of Paediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. He is also the Director of Infectious Disease Society of Taiwan. Dr. Ping-Ing Lee is an Associate Professor at the Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Children’s Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Dr. Po-Yen Chen is a Chief at the Department of Pediatrics, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.

Part 1 Neonatal infection.- 1 A 6-day-old female newborn with fever and decreased appetite and activity - Enteroviral infection in neonates.- 2 A 17-day-old female baby with fever and decreased appetite and activity-Herpes simplex virus infection in neonates and children.- 3 A premature newborn with respiratory distress and poor activity-Bacterial meningitis in neonates.- Part 2 Central nervous system infection.- 4 A 6-year-old boy with fever for 10 days and lethargy - Tuberculous meningitis.- 5 A 2-year-old girl with fever, lethargy, and bilious vomiting and petechiae and purpura - Meningococcal meningitis and sepsis.- 6 A 2-year-old boy with fever, hand-foot-mouth disease and myoclonic jerk - Enterovirus A71 infection .- 7 A 15-year-old adolescent with right upper limb weakness following upper respiratory infection - Acute Flaccid Myelitis Caused by Enterovirus D68.- 8 A 7-year-old girl with acute onset of hallucinations and unsteady gait - Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy ofChildhood.- 9 A 5-year-old girl with acute onset of generalized tonic-clonic seizures for 10 minutes - Mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated encephalitis.- 10 A 1-year-old boy with fever, progressive consciousness change and seizure - Eosinophilic meningoencephalitis.- Part 3 Respiratory tract infection.- 11 A 14-year-old boy with nasal congestion and cough for days followed by a tender bulging mass on the forehead - Acute bacterial sinusitis and associated complications.- 12 A 1-year-3-month-old boy with cough, rhinorrhea, bilateral eye discharge, fever, and ear discharge - Mastoiditis and conjunctivitis-otitis media syndrome.- 13 A 3-year-9-month-old girl with painful swelling over left face for one week - Acute parotitis.- 14 A 5-year-old boy with fever, sore throat, odynophagia and torticollis - Deep neck infection.- 15 A 5-year-old boy with fever and a painful enlarging erythematous left neck mass - Pyriform sinus fistula with infection.- 16 A one-month-old infant with episodic upwardgaze and cyanotic lips in one day following a 2-day cough - Pertussis with encephalopathy.- 17 A 6-year-old girl with fever for one week, productive cough, running nose, decreased appetite and activity - Severe lower respiratory tract infection due to adenovirus.- 18 A 9-year-old girl with fever, cough followed by hemoptysis and dyspnea - Severe influenza virus infections.- 19 A 1-year-old girl with fever, cough and posttussive vomiting -Respiratory syncytial virus infection.- 20 A 4-month-old male infant with dry cough, progressive shortness of breath -Cytomegalovirus pneumonitis.- 21 A 4-year-old boy with fever, aggravated cough and persistent abdominal pain - Pneumonia presenting as acute abdomen.- 22 A 2-year-old girl with community-acquired pneumonia followed by thrombocytopenia and anemia - Streptococcus pneumoniae associated with Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome.- 23 A cluster of community-acquired pneumonia in two siblings of school age - Macrolide Resistance Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.- 24 A 13-year-old girl with fever for 13 days and cough and dyspnea for 7 days - Miliary tuberculosis.- Part 4 Heart infection.- 25 A 12-year-old female adolescent with fever, vomiting, abdominal pain, right hand purpura and headache.- Infective Endocarditis.- 26 A 7-year-old girl with general weakness, fatigue and a feeling of discomfort following influenza - Influenza associated myocarditis and pericarditis.- 27 A 9-year-old boy with abdominal pain, vomiting, lethargy, headache and fever for 2 days - Coxsackievirus myocarditis.- Part 5 - Gastrointestinal tract infection.- 28 A 14-year-old male adolescent with progressive lethargy, nausea, shortness of breath and weight loss - Liver Abscess.- 29 A 5-month-old female infant with fever, lethargy, bulging anterior fontanelle following acute gastroenteritis 2 weeks ago - Nontyphoidal Salmonella enterocolitis with invasive diseases.- 30 A 6-year-old boy with fever, abdominal pain and diarrhea followed by progressive abdominal distention - Salmonella enterocolitis complicated with toxic megacolon.- 31 A 14-year-old girl with prolonged fever - Typhoid fever.- 32 A 10-year-old girl with progressive abdominal distension and intermittent fever for two months - Abdominal Tuberculosis.- Part 6 Urinary tract infection.- 33 An 8-month-old female infant with fever and pyuria - Acute lobar nephronia.- 34 A 2-year-old girl with fever for 2 weeks despite of oral antibiotic therapy - Renal abscess in children.- Part 7 Bone and joint infection.- 35 An 11-month-old infant with limping gait for 1 week - Osteomyelitis caused by Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine.- 36 A 12-year-old adolescent with fever, vomiting, general skin rash following a preceding minor trauma over left hip - Disseminated community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection.- Part 7 Skin and soft tissue infection.- 37 A 4-year-old boy with left leg pain and limping gait following mucoid diarrhea 2 weeks ago - Salmonella pyomyositis.- Part 9 Other specific infection/syndrome.- 38 A 6-year-old boy with fever, sore throat and a crusted wound over left flank area - Scrub typhus.- 39 A 5-month-old infant with repeated community-acquired pneumonia and failure to thrive - Pediatric human immunodeficiency virus infection.- 40 A 6-year-old girl with fever and neck lymph nodes enlargement - Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease.- 41 A 2-year-old with fever, progressive lethargy and skin rash - Kawasaki disease with shock syndrome.- 42 A 6-year-old girl with fever, sore throat, odynophagia, dysphagia, and cervical mass - Lymph-node-first presentation Kawasaki disease.- 43 An 8-year-old with fever, headache, muscle aching and retroorbital pain followed by frequent vomiting - Dengue fever with shock.- 44 A 4-year-old boy with fever, cough, skin rash and difficulty of breathing - Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.- 45 A 4-year-old boy with fever, general skin rash, vomiting and diarrhea following a operation for bone fracture - Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome.- 46 A 3-year-old girl with fever and pancytopenia - Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection.- 47 A 2-month-old infant with fever, progressive skin rash and eosinophilia - Drug-induced fever and skin rash in children.- 48 A 4-month-old infant with fever, diarrhea, followed by abdominal distention and an ulcer-like skin lesion - Community-acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis (Shanghai fever).- 49 A 2-year-old girl with left thigh erythematous swelling following DTaP-Hib-IPV vaccination - Extensive Limb Swelling following vaccination.- 50 A 9-year-old girl with a right lateral chest wall mass - Thoracic actinomycosis.