Valve Surgery at the Turn of the Millennium

Preface; C.H. Peels, L.H.B. Baur. Section I: Pre and perioperative evaluation of mitral valve disease. 1: Preoperative Evaluation Of Mitral Valve Stenosis: What Do We Need? L.H.B. Baur. -Assessment of mitral valve stenosis. -Pre-operative Assessment for Surgical Intervention. -Guideline for Treatment of Mitral Valve Stenosis. 2: Preoperative Evaluation Of Mitral Regurgitation: The Challenge Of Optimal Timing; C.H. Peels. -Introduction. -Evaluation of the cause of MR. -Evaluation of the severity of MR. -Left ventricular function and mitral regurgitation. -Why optimal timing. -Factors influencing timing of surgery. 3: Perioperative Transesophageal Echocardiography In Mitral Valve Surgery; R.B.A. van den Brink, B.A.J.M. de Mol. - Introduction. -How to image the mechanism of mitral valve. regurgitation by multiplane TEE? -Anatomy of the valve: The surgeon's view. -Anatomy of the valve: The echocardiographer's view. -Function of the mitral valve. -Mechanism of mitral regurgitation. -How to assess severity of mitral regurgitation? -Does intraoperative TEE during mitral valve repair predict early and late mitral valve dysfunction? -Evaluation of mitral prostheses by transesophageal echocardiography. -Conclusion. Section II: Mitral Valve Surgery: Techniques. 1: Long-Term Results Of Prosthetic Devices In Mitral Position; G.L. van Rijk-Zwikker, B.J. M. Delemarre, R.A.E. Dion. -The Natural History of Mitral Incompetence. -Role of atrial fibrillation. -Pre-operative determinants for late survival. -Postoperative determinants for late survival after mitral valve replacement. -Post-operative thrombo-embolic events and bleeding. -Re-operations. -Endocarditis. -Post-operative pulmonary hypertension. -Structural failure. -Paravalvular Defects. -Valve Thrombosis. -Pannus. -Summary. 2: Postoperative Evaluation After Mitral Valve Surgery; F. Flachskampf. -Introduction. -General considerations: indications for and goals of the postoperative echo study. -Postoperative evaluation of mitral valve repair. -Postoperative evaluation of mitral valve replacement. -Other typical postoperative problems. -Does the postoperative echo make a difference? Section III: Pre And Peri-Operative Evaluation Of Aortic Valve Disease. 1: Preoperative Evaluation Of Aortic Insufficiency: Optimal Timing; C.H. Peels. -Introduction. -Etiology of aortic regurgitation. -Assessment of severity of aortic regurgitation. -Noninvasive follow up in chronic aortic regurgitation. -Timing of surgical intervention. -Factors influencing outcome after surgery for aortic regurgitation. -Summary. 2: Hemodynamic Evaluation Of Aortic Stenosis; J.M. van Dantzig. -Introduction. -Echocardiographic evaluation of aortic stenosis: Assessment of valve morphology. -Echocardiographic evaluation of aortic stenosis: Assessment of stenosis severity. -Assessment of stenosis severity in low-flow states. -Conclusion. 3: The Role Of Transesophageal Echocardiography In The Peri-Operative Period; L.H.B. Baur. -Aortic Valve Disease. -Mitral Valve Disease. -Detection of Ischemia. -Measurement of Systolic Function and Preload. 4: Evaluation Of Valve Disease With Novel Imaging Techniques; E.E. van der Wall. -Technical Aspects in MR Imaging. -Contraindications to MR Imaging. -Aortic Valve Stenosis. -Aortic Valve Insufficiency. -Mitral Valve Stenosis. -Mitral Valve Regurgitation.