The Knee Made Easy

lt;p>Charalambos Panayiotou Charalambous

BSc, MBChB, MSc, MD, FRCS (Tr &Orth)

Bambos (short name for Charalambos) studied Medicine at the University of Manchester, UK and did his postgraduate Surgical and Orthopaedic training in the North West of England.

Bambos is currently a Consultant Surgeon in Trauma and Orthopaedics at Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, and has a special interest in disorders of the Knee and Shoulder.

Introduction.- Knee clinical anatomy.- Knee Biomechanics - tibiofemoral articulation.- Knee Biomechanics - patellofemoral articulation.- Clinical history for knee conditions.- Clinical Examination of the knee.- Investigations for knee disorders.- Challenges in managing knee disorders.- Surgical interventions for knee disorders.- External devices for disorders of the knee.- Knee injection and needling therapy.- Knee physiotherapy - a surgeon's perspective.- Knee pain.- Knee stiffness.- Knee locking.- Knee instability.- Knee weakness.- Knee paraesthesia.- Knee Noise.- Knee Swellings.- Knee Tendon disease.- Quadriceps tendinopathy.- Patellar tendon tendinopathy.- Hamstring tendon tendinopathy.- Calcific tendinopathy/ligamentopathy.- Iliotibial band syndrome.- Quadriceps tears.- Patellar tendon tears.- Tibial tubercle apophysitis.- Fabella pain syndrome.- Knee tendon snapping syndrome.- Knee intraarticular snapping syndrome.- Meniscal tears.- Discoid meniscus syndrome.- Parameniscal cysts.- Meniscal deficiency knee syndrome.- Medial plica syndrome.- Suprapatellar plica syndrome.- Infrapatellar plica syndrome.- Patellofemoral pain syndrome.- Infrapatellar fat pad dysfunction.- Prefemoral fat pad dysfunction.- Patellar tendon lateral femoral condyle friction syndrome.- Bipartite/tripartite patella pain syndrome.- Knee bursal dysfunction.- Osteonecrosis of the Knee.- Chondral disruption of the knee.- Osteochondritis dissecans of the knee.- Knee arthritis.- Painful knee replacement arthroplasty.- Instability in knee replacement arthroplasty.- Synovial chondromatosis of the knee.- Pigmented villonodular synovitis of the knee.- Proximal tibiofibular joint arthropathy.- Anterior cruciate ligament knee instability.- Posterior cruciate ligament knee instability.- Medial collateral ligament knee instability.- Posterolateral corner ligament knee instability.- Multiligament knee instability.- Patellofemoral instability.- Proximal tibiofibular joint instability.- Knee hyperextension-recurvatum.- Post-traumatic knee stiffness.- Common peroneal nerve dysfunction.- Superficial peroneal nerve dysfunction.- Deep peroneal nerve dysfunction.- Tibial nerve dysfunction.- Saphenous nerve dysfunction.- Infrapatellar nerve dysfunction.- Sciatic nerve dysfunction.- Myofascial trigger points of the knee.