Strabismus Surgery (eBook)

Videos

Video 2.1 Animated Distance Fixation Targets.

Tony Cutts

Video 2.2 Examination Tips and Tricks.

Everett A. Moody

Video 3.1 Torsion Test. Torsional forced duction testing and exaggerated traction testing of the obliques.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 5.1 Stretched Scar Appearances. Seven medial and lateral rectus muscles with stretched scars are demonstrated, showing different presentations, including one in which the stretch is not apparent until the muscle is disinserted and viewed from underneath.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 5.2 Scar Migration. Lateral rectus scar migration and small scar stretch in 9-year-old with small consecutive esotropia.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 5.3 Pulled-in-Two Syndrome (PITS). This 54-year-old woman had consecutive exotropia develop gradually over years, after having undergone bilateral medial rectus (MR) muscle recession as a child for esotropia. During this surgical procedure, bilateral stretched scar repair was being performed. The right MR repair had been performed uneventfully, but during left MR repair, the muscle ruptured in two at the musculotendinous junction, leading to a lost MR muscle. Its retrieval and direct repair are demonstrated in this video. After the surgery, her husband related that she and her family members suffered from other manifestations of collagen weakness with multiple orthopaedic injuries and dysfunction related to joint hypermobility.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 5.4 Scar Migration and Rolling of Insertion Due to Excessive Scarring. Patient 2 months after initial repair of large angle exotropia, now with 25 diopters consecutive esotropia. Right lateral rectus muscle had been recessed 9 mm, but upon reoperation, insertion was found migrated posteriorly and rolled backward, due to excessive fibrosis and scar contracture.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 10.1 Cadaveric Superior Oblique Tendon.

Donny Suh

Video 11.1 Single Red Maddox Rod Test.

Monte Stavis

Video 12.1 Intraoperative Forced Duction Showing Tight Lateral and Medial Rectus Muscles in Thyroid Ophthalmopathy.

Leonard Rich

Video 12.2 Forced Duction Testing Repeated after Disinsertion of the Medial Rectus Muscle in Thyroid Ophthalmopathy.

Leonard Rich

Video 13.1 Presumed Sinus-Related Strabismus. Intraoperative appearance of extraocular muscles and perimuscular tissue in a case of presumed sinus-related strabismus.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 14.1 Conjunctival Autograft.

Malcom Ing

Video 16.1 Dissociated Vertical Deviation Characteristics.

Susana Gamio

Video 16.2 Asymmetrical Dissociated Vertical Deviation.

Susana Gamio

Video 16.3 Superior Rectus Hang-Back Recession for Dissociated Vertical Deviation.

Susana Gamio

Video 19.1 Transconjunctival Identification of Displaced Muscles. Viewing muscle paths through conjunctiva may help identify muscle displacement(s) without or prior to incision.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 19.2 Displaced Muscles. Composite video of five cases of muscle displacement.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 19.3 Displaced Medial Rectus Muscles and Esotropia. Video of Case 2, Chapter 19 (Section 19.13.2), showing paradoxical exoshift with medial rectus (MR) myopexy sutures to treat bilateral inferior displacement of the MR muscles.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 19.4 LR-SR and Deficiency Possibly Related to Forceps Injury at Birth. A 29-year-old woman had undergone multiple prior strabismus surgeries to treat recurring strabismus, which began as early childhood esotropia. Alignment would be corrected for several years, but invariably recur. The last recurrence was precipitated by pregnancy, which is known to weaken collagen. MRI showed nasal displacement of the superior rectus muscles, and inferior displacement of the lateral rectus muscles, which was corrected surgically with pulley sleeve fusion as shown in this video. This defect may have been related to forceps injury at birth, which is shown in photos.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 20.1 Normal Inferior and Medial Rectus Muscles. Composite of several normal inferior rectus muscles, showing reflection of capsule away from muscle, toward the Desmarres retractor. Medial rectus muscles, showing intact capsule to insertion. Full ciliary vasculature and lack of dragging of external tissues are other normal landmarks.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 20.2 Flap Tear Appearances. Composite showing different appearances of various types of inferior and medial rectus muscle flap tears in seven cases.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 20.3 Correction of 70-Diopter Exotropia with Flap Tear Repair Alone (Sort Of). Video of case 4, which is a repair of bilateral lamellar medial rectus flaps and small right inferior rectus muscle flap, combined with 9-mm recession of the right lateral rectus muscle, resulted in 25 diopters esotropia. This required later lateral rectus muscle advancement, which is seen in Video 5.4.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 20.4 Traumatic Inferior Oblique Transection. Video of Case 6, with inferior oblique transection due to blunt trauma.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 21.1 A Local Anesthetic Technique for Strabismus Surgery.

Brian Campolattaro and Frederick M. Wang

Video 23.1 Medial Rectus Muscle Recession. With fornix incision, using Parks’ techniques.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 23.2 Lateral Rectus Muscle Recession. With fornix incision, using Parks’ techniques.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 23.3 Medial Rectus Muscle Resection. With fornix incision, using Parks’ techniques.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 23.4 Lateral Rectus Muscle Resection. With fornix incision, using Parks’ techniques.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 24.1 A Surgeon‘s View of a Plication of the Right Lateral Rectus through a Fornix Incision.

Monte A. Del Monte

Video 25.1 Inferior Oblique Recession.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 25.2 Anterior Transposition of the Inferior Oblique.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 25.3 Combined Resection and Anterior Transposition of the Inferior Oblique.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 25.4 Nasal Myectomy of the Inferior Oblique. Nasal myectomy—left inferior oblique—surgeon’s view.

David Stager Jr.

Video 26.1 Bilateral Full Tendon Advancement of the Superior Obliques.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 26.2 Bilateral Full Tendon Advancement of the Superior Obliques with Anomalous Insertions.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 26.3 Harada-Ito Procedure Right Superior Oblique.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 26.4 Anterior Superior Oblique Plication. To correct excylcotorsion.

Monte Stavis

Video 26.5 Left Superior Oblique Hang-Back Recession.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 26.6 Superior Oblique Mini-Tenotomies. To correct incyclotorsion.

Monte Stavis

Video 27.1 Stretched Scar 1. Bilateral medial rectus muscle stretched scar repair in a 39-year-old man with 40 diopters consecutive exotropia after childhood esotropia repair.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 27.2 Stretched Scar 2. Bilateral medial rectus muscle stretched scar repair in an 8-year-old girl with consecutive exotropia.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 27.3 Stretched Scar with Flip-Over. Left medial rectus stretched scar repair in a 9-year-old. Identification of scar stretch required disinsertion of muscle and inspection of underside.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 27.4 Lateral Rectus Stretched Scar. Lateral rectus stretched scar in a 19-year-old with consecutive esotropia. Repair using 6–0 clear polypropylene.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 28.1 Scar and Conjunctival Recession. Scar tissue and conjunctival recession to correct small angle esodeviation in a 58-year-old man who fell face first from a roof, with the only finding at surgery being nasal perimuscular fibrosis surrounding the left medial rectus muscle.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 28.2 Debulking of Scar Tissue from Conjunctiva with Conjunctival Recession and Amniotic Membrane Graft.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 28.3 Amniotic Membrane Graft. Amniotic membrane grafting in restrictive strabismus.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 29.1 Flap Tear Right Inferior Rectus Muscle (IR), Comparison to Normal Left Inferior Rectus Muscle. Right IR and medial rectus (MR) muscle tears in an 8-year-old girl who presented with exotropia and convergence insufficiency, which evolved over 3 years to exotropia with right hypertropia. Comparison to normal left IR and MR muscles is demonstrated.

Irene H. Ludwig

Video 29.2 Left Inferior Rectus Muscle (IR) Flap Tear Causing Left Hypertropia, Comparison to...