Minimally Invasive Thoracic Spine Surgery

Sang-Ho Lee, MD, PhD Chairman, Wooridul Spine Hospital, Seoul, Korea Founder and Honorary President, World Congress of Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery and Techniques Clinical  professor of  Anatomy, Yonsei University  College of medicine   Junseok Bae, MD President and Medical Director Director, Wooridul International Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery Fellowship Program  Department of Neurological Surgery   Chungdam Wooridul Spine Hospital, Seoul, Korea     Sang-Hyep Jeon, MD President and Medical Director Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Busan Wooridul Spine Hospital, Busan, Korea 

1. Introduction.- A. Anatomical consideration of the thoracic spine.- B. Anesthetic consideration  of the thoracic spine surgery.- C. Clinical presentation of the thoracic spinal compression.- 2. Thoracic disc herniation.- A. Transforaminal endoscopic approach with foraminoplasty.- B. Thoracoscopic approach.- C. Minithoracotomy and discectomy.- D. Minimally invasive Posterior approach.- 3. Ossification of the ligamentum flavum.- A. Microscopic decompression.- B. Endoscopic decompression.- 4. Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.- A. Mini-Thoracotomy and OPLL resection.- B. Thoracoscopic approach.- C. Oblique paraspinal approach.- 5. Trauma.- A. Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty.- B. Minimally invasive reconstruction of vertebral body in Kummell’s disease.- C. Minithoracotomy and Corpectomy using Expandable cage.- 6. Arachnoid cyst.- A. Minimally invasive resection of thoracic arachnoid cyst.- 7. Tumor.- A. Minimally invasive resection of IDEM tumor.- B. Stereotactic Radiosurgery of thoracic spine.- 8. Deformity on the thoracic spine.- A. Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.- B. Posttraumatic deformity.- C. Proximal Junctional Kyphosis.- 9. Interventional treatment.- A. CT and ultrasound guided block.- B. Epidural Neuroplasty.- 10. Intraoperative Neuromonitoring.- 11. Robotic surgery in thoracic spine.- 12. Navigation for thoracic spine surgery.