Interventional Cardiology

George D. Dangas, MD, PhD, MSCAI, FAHA, FESC, is Professor of Medicine at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; Director of Cardiovascular Innovation at the Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, USA; Professor of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; and Adjunct Professor of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.

Carlo Di Mario, MD, PhD, FRCP, FACC, FSCAI, FESC, is Professor of Cardiology at the University of Florence, Firenze, Italy; Director of Structural Interventional Cardiology, Careggi Hospital, Firenze, Italy; and Honorary Consultant at the Cardiologist Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK.

Holger Thiele, MD, is Director of Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, and Director of Leipzig Heart Center at University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.

Peter Barlis, MBBS, MPH, PHD, FACC, FESC, FRACP, is Professor of Medicine at University of Melbourne and Interventional Cardiologist at St Vincent's and Northern Hospitals, Victoria, Australia.

About the Companion Website

Contributors

Foreword

Preface

Acknowledgments

Part I Principles and Techniques

Section I Basic Knowledge

1 Atherogenesis and Inflammation

Vikas Thondapu, Umair Hayat, Tim Tsay, and Peter Barlis

2 The Essentials of Femoral Vascular Access and Closure

Francesco Meucci, Miroslava Stolcova, Flavia Caniato, Mohammad Sarraf, Alessio Mattesini, and Carlo Di Mario

3 Radial Artery, Alternative Arm Access, and Related Techniques

Thomas J Ford, Paul Bamford, Christian Said, and Peter Barlis

4 Optimal Angiographic Views for Coronary Angioplasty

Flavia Caniato, Francesca Ristalli, Alessio Mattesini, Carlo Di Mario, and Gioel Gabrio Secco

5 Material Selection

Alessio Mattesini, Pierluigi Demola, Sahil A. Parikh, Gioel Gabrio Secco, Michele Pighi,and Carlo Di Mario

6 Statistical Essentials in the Design and Analysis of Clinical Trials

Usman Baber, Mauro Chiarito, and Stuart J. Pocock

Section II Imaging and Physiology

7 Physiologic Assessment and Guidance in the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory

Allen Jeremias Sukhjinder Nijjer, Justin Davies, and Carlo DiMario

8 Intravascular Ultrasound: Principles, Image Interpretation, and Clinical Applications

Adriano Caixeta, Akiko Maehara, and Gary S. Mintz

9 Optical Coherence Tomography, Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, and Near-Infrared Fluorescence Molecular Imaging

Alessio Mattesini, Pierluigi Demola, Richard Shlofmitz, Evan Shlofmitz, Ron Waksman, Farouc Amin Jaffer, Carlo Di Mario

10 Multislice Computed Tomography (MSCT) and Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) Imaging for Coronary and Structural Heart Disease

Pragya Ranjan, Richard Ro, and Stamatios Lerakis

Section III Revascularization in Different Clinical Settings

11 Stable Coronary Artery Disease

Abhiram Prasad and Bernard J. Gersh

12 PCI Strategies in Acute Coronary Syndromes without ST Segment Elevation (NSTE-ACS)

Anastasios Roumeliotis, Emmanouil S. Brilakis

13 Primary and Rescue PCI in STEMI

Sean Fitzgerald and Holger Thiele

14 The Management of Cardiogenic Shock and Hemodynamic Support Devices and Techniques

Bimmer E.P.M. Claessen and Jose P.S. Henriques

Section IV PCI in Different Lesion Types

15 PCI for unprotected left main disease: current evidences and plenty of questions



Alessandra Laricchia, Arif A Khokhar, Francesco Giannini, and Antonio Colombo

16 Bifurcation Lesion Stenting

Goran Stankovic, Zlatko Mehmedbegovic, and Dejan Milasinovic

17 Risk Stratification Approach to Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease

Antonio Greco, Sergio Buccheri, MD, Corrado Tamburino, and Davide Capodanno

18 Chronic Total Coronary Occlusion

Gerald S. Werner and Emmanouil S. Brilakis

19 Percutaneous Coronary Intervention of Arterial and Vein Grafts

Bimmer E.P.M. Claessen, Frans Beerkens, Jose P.S. Henriques, and George D. Dangas

20 Interventional Approach in Small Vessel, Diffuse, and Tortuous Coronary Artery Disease

Saadat Aleem, Puja Parikh, Varun Bhasin, and Robert T. Pyo

21 In-Stent Restenosis in New Generation DES Era

Marco G. Mennuni, Emanuele Sagazio, and Giuseppe Patti

22 High Risk Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

David A. Power, Bimmer E. Claessen, and Samin K. Sharma

Section V Special Techniques and Complications

23 Laser, Rotational, Orbital Coronary Atherectomy, and Coronary Intravascular Lithoplasty

Navneet Sharma, Kaleab N. Asrress, Peter O'Kane, Robert T. Pyo, and Simon R. Redwood

24 Thrombus-Containing Lesions

Giovanni Luigi De Maria, Dimitrios Terentes-Printzios and Adrian P. Banning

25 Specialized Balloons in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Cutting, Scoring, Gliding, and Drug-Eluting Balloons

Bimmer E.P.M. Claessen, Jose P.S. Henriques, and George D. Dangas

26 Coronary Artery Dissections, Perforations, and the No-Reflow Phenomenon

Adriano Caixeta, Marcos Danillo P. Oliveira, and George D. Dangas

27 Vascular Access Site Complications

Miguel Alvarez Villela, Cristina Sanina, and Robert Pyo

28 Renal Insufficiency and the Impact of Contrast Agents

Carlo Briguori, Michael Donahue, and Carmen D'Amore

29 Radiation Management in Interventional Cardiology

Stephen Balter and Amisha Patel

30 Concepts of Cell Therapy and Myocardial Regeneration

Sangeetha Vadakke-Madathil and Hina W. Chaudhry

Section VI Clinical Trials in Coronary Heart Disease

31 Durable Polymer Everolimus-eluting Stents

Vikas Thondapu, Nalin H. Dayawansa, Bimmer E.P.M. Claessen, George D. Dangas, and Peter Barlis

32 Bioresorbable-polymer Everolimus-eluting Stents

Vikas Thondapu, Nigel Sutherland, Tom Ford, Bimmer E.P.M. Claessen, George D. Dangas, and Peter Barlis

33 Zotarolimus-Eluting Stents

Jorge Sanz-Sanchez, Pier Pasquale Leone, Ridhima Goel, and Giulio G. Stefanini

34 The Biolimus Stent Family

Ronak Delewi, Robert de Winter

35 The Biotronik Stent Family

Ronak Delewi, Robert de Winter

36 Novel Drug-Eluting Stent Systems

J. Ribamar Costa, Jr., Ridhima Goel, Rafael Alexandre Meneguz-Moreno, and Alexandre A.C. Abizaid

37 Cardiac Vein Anatomy and Transcoronary Sinus Catheter Interventions in Myocardial Ischemia

Werner Mohl, Levente Molnar, and Bela Merkely

Part II Interventional Pharmacology

38 Basics of Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Therapy for Cardiovascular Disease

Piera Capranzano and Dominick J. Angiolillo

39 Oral Antiplatelet Agents in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Ben Rowland, Jonathan A. Batty, George Dangas, Roxana Mehran, and Vijay Kunadian

40 Parenteral Anticoagulant Agents in PCI

Piera Capranzano, Corrado Tamburino, and George D. Dangas

41 Vasoactive and Antiarrhythmic Drugs During PCI

Bimmer E.P.M. Claessen, Frans Beerkens, and Jose P.S. Henriques

42 Triple Antiplatelet Therapy and Combinations with Oral Anticoagulants after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Ben Rowland, Jonathan A Batty, Roxana Mehran, and Vijay Kunadian

43 Balance of Ischemia and Bleeding in Selecting Intensity and Duration of Antithrombotic Regimens

Davide Cao, Anton Camaj, and Roxana Mehran

44 Secondary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

David A. Power and Robert S. Rosenson

45 Peri-procedural Platelet Function Testing in Risk Stratification and Clinical Decision Making

Paul A Gurbel, Eliano P Navarese, Aung Myat, and Udaya S Tantry

46 Monitoring and Reversal of Anticoagulation and Antiplatelet Agents

Paul A. Gurbel, Amit Rout, and Udaya S. Tantry

Part III Hypertension and Structural Heart Disease

Section I Systemic and Pulmonary Hypertension

47 Right Heart Catheterization and Pulmonary Hemodynamics

Daniel Kretzschmar and P. Christian Schulze

48 Treatment of Pulmonary Embolism: Medical, Surgical, and Percutaneous

Ian del Conde and Barry T. Katzen

49 Renal Denervation for Resistant Hypertension

Sandeep Arunothayaraj, Robert Whitbourn, Peter Barlis,, and Felix Mahfoud

Section II Structural Heart Interventions

50 Antithrombotic Strategies in Valvular and Structural Heart Disease Interventions

Anton Camaj, Victor Razuk, and George D. Dangas

51 Alcohol Septal Ablation for Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy

Asaad A. Khan, Amir-Ali Fassa, George Dangas, and Ulrich Sigwart

52 Left Atrial Appendage Exclusion

Jorge G. Panizo and Jacob S. Koruth

53 Cryptogenic Stroke, Patent Foramen Ovale, and ASD Closure

Barry Love

54 Paravalvular Leak Closure and Ventricular Septal Defect Closure

Barry A Love, Allison K. Cabalka, and Charanjit S. Rihal

Section III Valvular Heart Disease Interventions

55 Aortic Valvuloplasty and Large-Bore Percutaneous Arterial Access

Matthew I. Tomey, Anton Camaj, Annapoorna S. Kini, and Samin K. Sharma

56 Balloon-Expandable Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

Mitsunobu Kitamura, Mohamed Abdel-Wahab, Steffen Desch, and Holger Thiele

57 Self-Expandable Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement and Cerebral Embolic Protection.

Sophia L. Alexis, Aditya Sengupta, Syed Zaid, and Gilbert H. L. Tang

58 Leaflet Modification Techniques

Jose F. Condado, Adam Greenbaum, Norihiko Kamioka, Toby Rogers, Jaffar M. Khan, Robert J. Lederman, and Vasilis Babaliaros

59 Periprocedural Complications of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR)

Arif A Khokhar, Francesco Giannini, and Antonio Colombo

60 Intensive Care after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

Matthew I. Tomey

61 New Aortic Valve Technologies

Dimytri Alexandre Siqueira and Alexandre A.C. Abizaid

62 Principles of Carpentier's Reconstructive Surgery in Degenerative Mitral Valve Disease

Farzan Filsoufi and Alain Carpentier

63 Transseptal Puncture

Nagendra Boopathy Senguttuvan, Gilbert H.L Tang, and Annapoorna Kini

64 Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair and Replacement

(1)Mitra Clip and Emerging Technologies

Sharon Bruoha, Manaf Assafin, Edwin Ho, Gilbert H L Tang, Azeem Latib

(2)TMV Replacement

Aditya Sengupta, Sophia L. Alexis, Eric Sun, Edwin Ho, Azeem Latib, and Gilbert H. L. Tang

65 Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty

C.N. Manjunath, Asaad A. Khan, George Dangas, and Upendra Kaul

66 Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Repair and Replacement

Karl-Patrik Kresoja, Kusha Rahgozar, Mitsunobu Kitamura, Ythan Goldberg, Azeem Latib, and Philipp Lurz

67 Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement

Damien Kenny, and Ziyad M. Hijazi

68 Imaging for Planning and Guidance for Structural Heart Interventions

Richard Ro and Stamatios Lerakis

Section IV Interventions for Heart Failure

69 Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Devices

Mina Karami, Bimmer E.P.M. Claessen, and Jose P.S. Henriques

70 Implantable Hemodynamic Monitoring Systems

Kiran Mahmood and Noah Moss

Part IV Vascular Disease for the Interventionalist

Section I Cerebrovascular Disease

71 Acute Stroke Intervention

Stefan C. Bertog, Kolja Sievert, Iris Q. Grunwald, Alok Sharma, Marius Hornung, Anna Luisa Kuhn, Laura Vaskelyte, Ilona Hofmann, Sameer Gafoor, Markus Reinartz, Predrag Matic, and Horst Sievert

72 Carotid Artery Angioplasty and Stenting

Vivek Prakash, Ignatius Lau, and Peter Faries

73 Cerebral Aneurysms: Diagnosis, Indications, and Strategies for Endovascular Treatment

Gyula Gal

Section II Aorta and Branch Diseases

74 Management of Acute Aortic Syndromes

William E. Beckerman and Paul S. Lajos

75 Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair

Shivani Kumar, and Rami O. Tadros

76 Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair

Scott R. Safir, and Rami O. Tadros

77 Fenestrated and Branched Endografts

Nicole Ilonzo and Rami Tadros

78 Acute and Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia

Allan M. Conway, Alfio Carroccio, and Robert J. Rosen

79 Renal Artery Interventions

Christopher J. Cooper

80 Endovascular Interventions for the Pelvis

Justin Diamond, Allan M. Conway, Alfio Carroccio, and Robert J Rosen

Section III Peripheral Arterial and Venous Disease

81 Iliac Interventions

Manish Taneja, Cornelia Rivera, Jose M. Wiley, and Apoorva Gogna

82 Superficial Femoral Artery Interventions

Shunsuke Aoi, Amit M. Kakkar, Cristina Sanina, and Jose M. Wiley

83 Popliteal Artery Interventions

Karthik Gujja, Bhaskar Purushottam, Vishal Kapur, Pedro Cox-Alomar, and Prakash Krishnan

84 Below the Knee Interventions in Critical Limb Ischemia

Karthik Gujja, Katarzyna Nasiadko, Arthur Tarricone, Cristina Sanina, and Prakash Krishnan

85 Subclavian, Vertebral, and Upper Extremity Vascular Disease

Ian Del Conde, Cristina Sanina, and Jose M. Wiley

86 Antithrombotic Strategies in Endovascular Interventions: Current Status and Future Directions

Vishal Kapur

87 Chronic Venous Insufficiency

Karthik Gujja, Tejus Kayiti, Cristina Sanina, and Jose M. Wiley